Enhancing stress resilience of algae and fungi through their co cultivation and symbiosis

Abstract

Algae and fungi are ecologically vital yet belong to distinct kingdoms, each playing crucial roles in the environment. Algae, as autotrophic primary producers, drive photosynthesis, while fungi decompose organic matter, recycling essential nutrients. When co-cultivated, these organisms exhibit increased resilience to environmental stress, suggesting a mutualistic interaction that enhances their adaptive capacity. This study investigates the symbiotic relationship between the fungus Mortierella elongata AG77 and the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 21gr under extreme conditions mimicking ecological disruptions caused by climate change. By analyzing their physiological responses, genetic mechanisms, and adaptive strategies, we aim to uncover the functional benefits of this symbiosis. Given that similar partnerships, such as those in lichens, allow microalgae to survive harsh environments, understanding these interactions may provide insights into stress tolerance and adaptation. Our research seeks to harness this knowledge for applications in synthetic biology, biotechnology, and environmental sustainability. Enhancing algal-fungal co-cultivation could contribute to innovations in agriculture, bioengineering, and ecosystem restoration by improving stress resistance and resource efficiency. Ultimately, this work advances our understanding of mutualistic interactions while offering potential solutions for addressing global environmental challenges.