Creatine phosphokinase levels in HIV-seropositive individuals after a single bout of isokinetic resistance exercise

Abstract

Context: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a life long immunosuppressive disease that leads to aerobic and anaerobic deconditioning, and diminished capacity to function independently in society, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), the risk of AIDS wasting, and death. Normal elevations of creatine phosphokinase (CK) in HIV-Seropositive individuals, even at rest, are not consistently associated with varied symptoms of the disease; however it is the most reliable muscle damage quantifier. Additionally, investigation of an acute high-intensity resistance exercise bout on HIV -Seropositive individuals is limited and may be detrimental to HIV-Seropositive individuals by suddenly activating the immune system, thereby increasing HIV replication Objective: To investigate the effects of a single bout of high-intensity concentric resistance exercise and CK in the HIV -Seropositive population. Design: Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for peak torque (PT) knee flexion and extension, body mass index (BMI), and percent body fat, 2 x 5 repeated measures ANOV A for CK levels, and 2 x 3 repeated measures ANOV A for number of repetitions to 50% fatigue per set. Setting: AIDS clinic and University athletic training lab Participants: 13 HIV -Seropositive participants (two females and eleven males; age = 44.5 ± 8.5 years, 8MI = 25.2 ± 3.7) and six HIV-negative participants (one female and five males; age = 40.5 ± 4.0 years, 8MI = 30.7 ± 2.5). Intervention(s): Participants performed three sets of isokinetic knee flexion and extension to 50% fatigue on the 8iodex 3 systems. Main Outcome Measure(s): Serum CK levels pre-test and post-exercise at 24, 48, 96, and 168 hours. Peak Torque knee flexion and extension, number of repetitions to fatigue, 8MI, and percent body fat were measured pre-exercise. Results: No differences were revealed in CK levels regardless of group (P = 0.09) and no interactions between groups and CK collection times (P = 0.66). No difference in PT flexion or extension for the HIV-Seropositive (54.2 ± 22.2 and 95.4 ± 37.8 respectively) and the HIV-Negative (124.7 ± 41.9, P = 0.15 and 70.2 ± 19.4, P = 0.15) groups. Percent body fat and 8MI were significantly lower in the HIV-Seropositive group (25.2 ± 3.7, P = 0.01; 25.4 ± 7.8, P = 0.02) than the HIV-Negative group (30.7 ± 2.7; 34.4 ± 4.7). Conclusions: A single acute bout of anaerobic concentric resistance exercise did not sufficiently cause a significant increase in CK levels in HIV -Seropositive individuals.