SD1-350
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Genre: Ceremony (buffalo sacrifice, ritual chant-dance, 'togo'). Title: Ngaru-Cawalo togo (1. ataCawalotogoTolitoli). Recorded by Pitu Sopune and SD directly with the H4N Zoom recorder 31 Jan 2024 during the nightly chant-dancing, togo, before the buffalo sacrifice of the Kéli domain, an event that takes place every ten years (at least and in a single domain). The recorder was placed directly on a rock of the Kéli ceremonial center (dhubu), the mics at 180 degrees angle, in Lei village. Because the chanters dance around the ceremonial center, the sound of the main chanter is sometimes fading (moving away or behind the recorder) or increasing until loud. But the recording is of high quality. The event was also recorded with video from a Canon EOS camera, and this video is available too. In togo, the guests of a domain or village of a domain bring a song with a riddle, which criticizes or ridicules members of the host domain. The matter is most often about marital-familial relations, traditional marriage procedures, which pertain to goods and the continuous dowry system (belis), and about something that has gone wrong in the process. The chanting is performed dancing in a circle, the men standing behind the women with a hand on the women's ceremonial betel baskets, which hang on the back from a headstrap. The first part is called nati and mentions place names and the white rope of the buffalo. The creative part, which will be replied by the host in the same form, is called duti. Translating it is challenging; it can take a long time even for the host group's experts to figure out what or who the chant-riddle is referring to. The host will then try to reply until they get it right. The guest group might give an additional clue in a second performance, and so on. In this chant, the duti is about a marriage relation which has gone wrong, also concerning the goods. In 'error', cala, is explicit, so is a name, Mendo Tongge, which is a major clue here, with the more specific place name Toli-Toli in Ngaru, Cawalo, where belis negotiations should have taken place. On the level of common knowledge, a Kéli (Lei) man named Talo has or had a belis problem with the people from Ngaru. A Ngaru man had taken a wife from the Tomu domain, to whom Talo had family obligations, that is to deliver feminine goods to the Ngaru man's family. The woman never showed up at Toli-Toli, just Mendo Tongge, and the matter was not settled, and the woman finally took another man for husband. But what was really the heart of the problem, or the particulars, is only known by the involved families. Transcribed and translated by Mboe Erixon, then edited by SD.
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0:10:48
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wav file at 44.1 KHz 16 bits
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Palu'e, Flores, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia. Recording made in Lei, Kéli domain, by the ceremonial centre, dhubu tana.
Palu'e, Flores, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia. Recording made in Lei, Kéli domain, by the ceremonial centre, dhubu tana.
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