Liu Y-C, Hunter-Anderson R, Cheronet O, Eakin J, Camacho F, Pietrusewsky M, Rohland N, Ioannidis A, Athens JS, Ikehara-Quebral RM, Toomay Douglas, Bernardos MR, Culleton BJ, Mah M, Adamski N, Broomandkhoshbacht N, Callan K, Lawson AM, Mandl K, Michel M, Oppenheimer J, Stewardson K , Zalzala F, Kidd K, Kidd J, Schurr TG, Auckland K, Hill AVS, Mentzer AJ, Quinto-Cortés CD, Robson K, Kennett DJ, Patterson, N, Bustamante CD, Moreno-Estrada A, Spriggs M, Vilar M, Lipson M, Pinhasi R, Reich D. 2022. Ancient DNA reveals five migrations into Micronesia and matrilocality in early Pacific seafarers. Science. doi: 10.1126/science.abm6536
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2022
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Micronesia began to be peopled earlier than other parts of Remote Oceania, but the origins of its
inhabitants remain unclear. We generated genome-wide data from 164 ancient and 112 modern
individuals. Analysis reveals five migratory streams into Micronesia. Three are East Asian related, one
is Polynesian, and a fifth is a Papuan source related to mainland New Guineans that is different from
the New Britain–related Papuan source for southwest Pacific populations but is similarly derived from
male migrants ~2500 to 2000 years ago. People of the Mariana Archipelago may derive all of their
precolonial ancestry from East Asian sources, making them the only Remote Oceanians without Papuan
ancestry. Female-inherited mitochondrial DNA was highly differentiated across early Remote Oceanian
communities but homogeneous within, implying matrilocal practices whereby women almost never
raised their children in communities different from the ones in which they grew up.
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