Effect of Keep-Out-Cone Half-Angle (0.1° vs 2.5°) on Laser Deconfliction for Robo-AO-2
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Abstract
This video directly compares the operational impact of laser keep-out-cone (KOC) half-angles on sky availability using Program Approval Messages (PAMs) for Robo-AO-2 at Maunakea on UTC 2026 February 6. By animating the deconfliction status over a full night, the visualization illustrates how expanding the KOC half-angle from the 0.1° minimum to the default 2.5° dramatically increases closure areas, causing median open times to fall from 96.4% to 88.2% for 1 s exposures and from 35.0% to 10.4% for 1800 s integrations.
Description
A side-by-side two-panel animated video displaying polar sky maps (Azimuth 0°–360°, Elevation 40°–90°) for the Robo-AO-2 laser system at Maunakea on UTC 2026 February 6. The left panel shows operations with a 0.1° keep-out-cone (KOC) half-angle (blue shading), while the right panel shows operations with a 2.5° KOC half-angle (orange shading). Regions safe for laser propagation are shaded, while prohibited zones are rendered in solid white. As the animation updates through time, white satellite closures move across the sky grid. The right panel exhibits significantly larger, convolved white closure patches compared to the localized gaps in the left panel, with persistent closures visible near the southern horizon.
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400x900 pixels. Duration = 4m40s.
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Animation
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Analysis of Laser-Satellite Deconfliction for Astronomical Observatories
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
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