Research through Design of Bendable Interactive Playing Cards
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2021
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Abstract
Computer Interaction has become second nature for almost all modern people and touch interaction on smart devices has likewise become ubiquitous. It is easy to forget how new the touch interaction paradigms are and the path it took to develop them. Nowadays, interaction designers are looking for even more novel interaction techniques with previously unheard of input and output channels. One direction for this search is bendable interfaces - interfaces that require their users to bend them as a form of interaction. In this work, I will overview and analyze a collection of prior academic research relating to bendable devices. Researchers often wonder: what will work well with bend interactions? In this dissertation I offer the answer "bendable interactive playing cards", and I frame my work on this word-salad using the Research through Design methodology.
Ultimately, I hope to answer the question: Is bending interaction suitable, feasible, and expressive for interactive playing cards?
My interactive playing card devices, which I call PEPA (Paper-like Entertainment Platform Agents) are inspired by my love of both paper-based and digital card games. By combining computational capabilities in multiple stand-alone physical devices, I can offer more than the two media forms can offer separately. I describe 6 possible scenarios where such a system can be used as well as other hybrid digital-physical game systems inspired by card and board games. Of course, the concept of interactive playing cards does not automatically lend itself to bend interaction, so I will try to justify this integration of ideas via a study of the literature and my observations of card players.
Following my arguments to incorporate bending and interactive cards, I created a proof-of-concept prototype. In true Research through Design form, this was a situation where one has to build an object before they can understand what research directions to take. In this case, the prototype led to further user studies regarding the timing of actions during the bend gesture and a model for bend events. At a different point, I used design as a research activity when I conducted a workshop for designing games for interactive cards. I will report the procedure, results and analysis from this workshop to illustrate the design space of possible games.
Research through Design is a research approach within the field of HCI that has multiple, sometimes conflicting, interpretations. It is mostly agreed that such research involves the creation of some prototype and an end goal of extracting and disseminating knowledge. In this work I will present the different approaches for documenting RtD as well as my own contribution: the Designer's Reframe and Refine Diagram. This is a method that uses a diagram as a tool to reflect on the design process as a whole in a prototype-centric way. I will show how I use this method to systematically document 5 versions of prototype in the PEPA project.
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Computer science, Bendable Devices, Human Computer Interaction, Research through Design, Tangible User Interface
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178 pages
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