Effects of Light and Temperature on Inflorescence Development of Heliconia Stricta ‘Dwarf Jamican’

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1995

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University of Hawaii at Manoa

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Plants of Heliconia stricta 'Dwarf Jamaican' were grown under different light conditions: continuous long days (LD: 14 hr. daylength), continuous short days (SD: 9 hr. daylength) and those grown under LD until the plant reached a 3 or 4 expanded leaf stage then treated with 4 weeks of SD then returned to LD. Leaf length was measured on alternate days for each treatment. A Richards model was chosen to represent the leaf growth. There were no differences in leaf growth curves of different treatments within the same leaf position, but curves were different by leaf position. Common leaf growth curves for 3rd and 5th leaf were proposed. After the 4 weeks of SD treatment, plants were grown in growth chambers under 4 different temperature conditions (18, 21, 24 and 28°C) with 14 hr days (LD). As night temperature increased from 18 to 28°C percent flowering decreased from 55% to 31 % and percent flower bud abortion increased from 0% to 19.2%. Inflorescence abortion was observed 6 weeks after the start of SD when flower primordia were evident. Plants grown under full sun, 40% sun, and 20% sun in ambient outdoor conditions after the start of SD, did not significantly differ in percent flowering or aborted apices. Foliar ABA content of H. stricta was quantified by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) specific for free (+)-abscisic acid (ABA). Effects of environmental factors on foliar ABA level were investigated. Foliar ABA level increased as temperature decreased. As light intensity was decreased from full sun to 20% sun foliar ABA increased. Foliar ABA does not seem to be involved in inflorescence abortion as abortion was less under conditions leading to high ABA levels. However, ABA was not analyzed in the pseudostem tissue where the reproductive development was occurring.

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