Holistic renovation of single-family homes in Hawaiʻi: A context-sensitive approach to balancing functionality, space, sustainability, and architectural identity

Abstract

Amid Hawaii’s diverse landscapes and unique residential history, the single-family detached home emerged prominently between the 1950s and 1970s, becoming central to Hawaii’s architectural identity and neighborhood character. These homes, initially crafted to respond sensitively to local climate, materials, and homeowner preferences, are increasingly replaced by mass-produced, standardized designs, resulting in diminished contextual sensitivity and local identity. Contemporary developments driven by rapid population growth often lack site-specific considerations, raising challenges related to functionality, environmental responsiveness, and neighborhood character.This dissertation asserts the need for a holistic, context-sensitive renovation framework to effectively adapt Hawaii’s single-family detached homes, balancing the integration of modern design strategies with preservation of their inherent architectural identity. Addressing evolving socioeconomic, environmental, and spatial challenges, this research employs a multi-layered approach. Initially, a contextual analysis of Honolulu neighborhoods identifies critical demographic, environmental, and architectural considerations. Subsequently, an architectural investigation focusing on Palolo—the oldest and most concentrated area of single-family detached homes—evaluates design vocabulary and materiality to inform adaptive strategies. The dissertation culminates in developing a comprehensive renovation concept design framework, emphasizing macro-level considerations such as vernacular elements, sustainable upgrades, climate adaptability, and space optimization. Practical implementation is demonstrated through detailed case studies in Palolo, exploring minimal to maximum intervention scenarios. The study advocates for cohesive, thoughtful renovations that enhance functional efficiency, reduce energy costs, and ensure long-term resilience, ultimately preserving Hawaii’s distinctive residential heritage and neighborhood character for future generations.