Design, construction, and analysis of a modular structural model for shake tables

Abstract

Shake table testing remains a core method for advancing understanding of structural behavior under dynamic loading. While most tests involve either full-scale structures or simplified scale models, few address the need for compact, modular systems that allow targeted variation of individual components. This study responds to that gap by designing and evaluating a five-story, 2-by-1 bay structure with replaceable columns and adjustable floors. The model was developed to support studies involving structural parameter variations and numerical model validation. To assess its consistency across physical and virtual environments, three numerical models were developed and compared to experimental results. Modal periods were used to evaluate alignment, with a focus on the first five weak-axis modes as well as the primary torsional and strong-axis modes. The comparisons confirmed close agreement in the weak direction, demonstrating the model’s usefulness for future studies in dynamic analysis and structural model calibration.