Bridging NASSS Domains and Resilience Pillars to Mitigate LLM Risk in Digital Government

Abstract

Public sector workflows are rapidly moving to deploy Large Language Models (LLMs). However, today’s governance standards stop at high-level duties without concrete escalation logic. This study introduces NASSS-RE-LLM, a socio-technical governance schema that maps LLM risks to NASSS domains, while pairing each with a pillar of Resilience Engineering. Using a scenario-based methodology, we test mitigation strategies in simulated public hospital settings. Results from expert panels show that the framework effectively surfaces risks, and experts perceive it as clear and adaptable. Practical implementation may be limited by resource constraints and future research is needed to test the framework in real-world pilots. The findings suggest that embedding governance logic into public sector workflows can enhance LLM adoption, with potential broader applicability across digital government contexts.