Making Digital Transformation Real

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    Using Simulation to Leverage Digital Transformation of SMEs: A European Perspective
    ( 2022-01-04) Ramos, Isabel ; North, Klaus ; Thalmann, Stefan ; Aramburu, Nekane ; Hermann, Andreas ; Gräslund, Karin ; Barros, Victor
    Digital transformation is one of the main challenges that SMEs face nowadays. Nevertheless, to a great extent, they lack the necessary capacities and skills to introduce and apply technologies that can support digitalization. As a design science approach, researchers from different European countries have carried out the collaborative research project VOIL to collect and scientifically develop resources and tools to support SMEs in building digital skills. In the context of this project, a tool is developed to assess the digital maturity of SMEs. Moreover, a learning journey based on the use of simulators is proposed together with a minimal viable prototype integrating all developed tools to provide a comprehensive learning environment. Lessons learned from the application of said learning online environment in experimental settings are also shared. The project results contribute to the research that has been carried out within the scope of life long learning, proposing the aggregation of pedagogical strategies that allow self-guided learning in the workplace.
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    Digital Transformation and Improvement of Business Processes with Internet of Things: A Maturity Model for Assessing Readiness
    ( 2022-01-04) Stoiber, Christoph ; Schönig, Stefan
    Companies of all industrial sectors are increasingly integrating Internet of Things (IoT) technology into their processes to realize a data-driven transformation of their businesses. The generation and use of comprehensive process data in real-time and the connection of process entities enables an improvement and beneficial redesign of business processes of all kinds. However, a goal-oriented exploitation of IoT technology for digital transformation and Business Process Improvements (BPI) is challenging due to the complexity of integrating IoT into existing processes. Companies require appropriate guidance to evaluate and scope their initiatives regarding IoT-based BPI. We therefore propose a holistic IoT-based BPI Maturity Model that assists organizations to determine their current state and get assistance to optimize or develop specific capabilities. This paper provides an overview about the structured development process of the maturity model comprising an extensive literature review and a six-round Delphi study.
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    Developing Digitalization Strategies for SMEs: A Lightweight Architecture-based Method
    ( 2022-01-04) Tschoppe, Nils ; Drews, Paul
    Like larger companies, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) need to develop and implement digitalization strategies. These help to address necessary organizational- and technology-related changes in order to create competitive advantages. However, SMEs often face specific challenges, including a lack of IT know-how, relevant market information and appropriate methods for developing a strategy. In this paper, we present a lightweight, architecture-based method including its underlying model for the development and implementation of digitalization strategies in SMEs. It was developed by following the Action Design Research (ADR) method and in cooperation with two medium-sized companies. Rather than adopting highly abstract and complex enterprise architecture frameworks, we suggest creating easy-to-use visualizations of the enterprise architecture, the business ecosystem and related cross-layer dependencies. While transferring the discipline of enterprise architecture (EA) into the context of digital entrepreneurship, we derived four design principles helping to enrich the theoretical body of knowledge in this research area.
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    Design of a Software Tool Supporting Orientation in the Context of Digital Transformation
    ( 2022-01-04) Gollhardt, Torsten ; Hermann, Andreas ; Cordes, Ann-Kristin ; Barann, Benjamin ; Kruse, Paul
    The digital transformation is a continuous and complex but indispensable endeavor. Because practice and academia regularly develop new digital technologies, companies face difficulties in selecting appropriate technologies to innovate their business model. Step-by-step instructions may guide companies to identify, evaluate, and select potential digitalization ideas. Software tools can support these activities in a structured way. Thus, the research objective of this paper is to design a software tool supporting the orientation phase of a company's digital transformation. To reach this objective, we conduct an action design research approach in cooperation with three companies. As an evaluation step, a focus group discussion with practitioners and end-users is carried out. The final tool design comprises 18 design principles that serve as the basis for a set of visual mockups and a prototype implementation of the intended tool.
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    Analyzing Barriers to Digital Transformation in the German Engineering Industry – A Comparison of Digitalized and Non-Digitalized Enterprises
    ( 2022-01-04) Brink, Henning ; Packmohr, Sven
    The German engineering sector is one of the most prominent industries in Germany in terms of revenues, the number of employees, and reputation for the “Made in Germany” brand. In this industry, digital transformation (DT) has become a significant trend. DT is more than optimizing internal processes by digital means. It entails the offer of digital services and products and the enhancement of customer experience. Complex barriers need to be overcome to drive this transformation forward. Therefore, our study analysis the organizational barriers to DT within the German engineering industry. We follow a quantitative approach to gain insight on organizational barriers by a comparison of digitalized and less digitalized enterprises and their DTs. Our research demonstrates that digitalized enterprises perceive lower degrees of certain barriers in leadership, culture, employees, and skills, which are essential parts in a socio-technical view. However, there are still barriers that digitalized enterprises are struggling with.
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    Introduction to the Minitrack on Making Digital Transformation Real
    ( 2022-01-04) Wessel, Lauri ; Mosconi, Elaine ; Baiyere, Abayomi