Pacific Science Volume 26, Number 2, 1972

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Pacific Science is a quarterly publication devoted to the biological and physical sciences of the Pacific Region.

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    Geology of the Salt Lake Area, Oahu, Hawaii
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1972-04) Pankiwskyj, Kost A.
    ABSTRACT: A series of pyroclastic eruptions and one lava flow, all of melilitenephelinite composition, were produced in the environs of present-day Salt Lake, Oahu, Hawaii, beginning about 500,000 years ago and terminating more than 100,000 years ago. The age of the flow has been dated by a K40/ A40 method at 400,000 years to 470,000 years. The earliest eruptions took place at a time of higher sea levels than at present, and their products are water-laid. Later eruptions, including the major ones from Salt Lake Crater and Makalapa Crater, took place at a time of lower sea levels than at present, and their products are air-laid. Sufficient time elapsed between individual eruptions to allow for erosion of portions of the earlier cones, to deposit silt and gravel, or to develop a soil prior to a subsequent eruption. The pyroclastics are medium- to fine-grained, lithic-vitric tuffs and contain, in addition to juvenile material, a considerable quantity of particles of older rocks-volcanic and sedimentary, as well as ultramafic. The youngest deposits of tuff are unconformably truncated by reef and limestone which have been correlated with rocks dated by a Th23o/UZ38 method at 90,000 to 140,000 years.
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    Giant Submarine Landslides on the Hawaiian Ridge: A Rebuttal
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1972-04) Langford, Stephen A. ; Brill, Richard C.
    ABSTRACT: A highly precise bathymetric record shows the U.S. Navy Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) chart upon which Moore's landslide hypothesis was based to be inaccurate. We find no evidence for landsliding. Three possible in situ origins for the seamounts in question are offered as alternatives.
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    Genetic Events in Rat Populations at Eniwetok Atoll
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1972-04) Tamarin, Robert H. ; Malecha, Spencer R. ; Steiner, William W. ; Dennis, Michael N.
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    Eutardigrada: Distribution at Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1972-04) Mehlen, Ronal H.
    ABSTRACT: Six species of Eutardigrada were found at Eniwetok Atoll, representing two families (Macrobiotidae and Milnesiidae) and three genera (Hypsibius, Macrobiotus, and Milnesium). Hypsibius (Calohypsibius) truncatus was found in sand samples from the thalassosupralittoral fringe at Runit and Eniwetok islets. H. (Isohypsibius) augusti was found in sand of the thalassosupralittoral fringe on Engebi Islet. Macrobiottts allani was found on Muti Islet; M. harmsUlorthi on Bogallua, Engebi, Roijoa, Eniwetok, Muti, and Igurin islets; M. richtersi on Japtan and Muti islets; all three species from tree-borne lichens and mosses. Milnesium tardigradum was commonly recovered from lichens and mosses on Muti and Igurin islets. The total number of individuals collected was small compared to collections in the temperate zone. No morphological anomalies were noted.
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    On Some Species of Phyllodocidae, Syllidae, Nephtyidae, Goniadidae, Apistobranchidae, and Spionidae (Polychaeta) from the Northeast Pacific Ocean
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1972-04) Banse, Karl
    ABSTRACT: Eteone pacifica (synonym, E. bistriata) and E. tttbermlata are redescribed from the types. Notophyllttm (Hesperophyllt,m) tectum is redescribed from new material. Additions to the descriptions after study of type material are made for Etdalia (Etdalia) qttadrioctdata (synonym, E. avicttliseta) , Atttolyttts (Proceraea) trilineattls (new combination), Exogone lourei, E. tmiformis, Syllis (Syllis) elongata, S. (Typosyllis) pllichra, S. (Typosyllis) stewarti, Nephtys assignis, N. disco1'S, N. rickettsi, and Glycinde picta. Additions to the descriptions on the basis of new material are made for Emyllis japonica, Odontosyllis ftdgurans japonica, O. pm'va, O. phosphorea phosphol'ea (synonym, O. phosphorea nanaimoensis) , Syllis (Typosyllis) adamantea adamantea, S. fasciata, Nephtys cormtta fl'anciscana, and Apistobranchm omatm. Six new records are given for Washington and British Columbia. New species are Bl'ania brevipharyngea and Exogolle molesta. Neopygospio is a synonym of Polydol'a (Psettdopolydol'a).
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    Spirorbinae (Polychaeta, Serpulidae) of the Hawaiian Chain Part 2, Hawaiian Spirorbinae
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1972-04) Vine, Peter J. ; Bailey-Brock, Julie H. ; Straughan, Dale
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    Spirorbinae (Polychaeta, Serpulidae) of the Hawaiian Chain Part 1, New Species
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1972-04) Vine, Peter J.
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    Predation Protection in the Poison-Fang Blenny, Meiacanthus atrodorsalis, and Its Mimics, Ecsenius bicolor and Runula laudandus (Blenniidae)
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1972-04) Losey, George S.
    ABSTRACT: The large canine teeth in Meiacanthus atrodorsalis impart a toxic bite which causes this animal to be rejected as a prey item by several piscivorous fishes. Two morphologically and behaviorally similar species, Runula laudandus and Besenitts bicolor, may enjoy predator protection through Batesian mimicry and, for the former species, greater feeding efficiency through aggressive mimicry. A limited number of experiments indicate that the predator, Bpinephaltts merra, may learn to avoid Meiacanthus atrodorsalis and its mimics.
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