BUA3-020 2021.02.23 Fieldnotes Things to look for today: does ʻaxina consistently reconfigure diathesis in 3-argument verbs? ʻaxina as applicative? Making peripheral argument core. If itʻs a derivational suffix, then the function would def. be lexically dependent. Donʻt pay as much attention to the English translation, pay more attention to WHAT arguments are being included/encoded. ko ‘acixu ma ‘aya a niu e na sele DET sister past/PFV chop A coconut E DET knife o ʻacixu ma ʻaya (*ʻaxina) a niu e na sele “My sister chops the coconut with a knife” E masia a taxuna e na ligana “He rubbed his back with his hand” #n just rubbing casually, not a big deal E masia ʻaxina a taxuna e na ligana “He rubbed his back with his hand” #n More passionate, stronger feeling to it, more intention, more “into it”, more emphasis on the action. ko dro’o tau ’ei’ei e ‘ea a talo e na somo “The farmer plants the taro in the soil/earth” ? ʻO droʻo tau ʻeiʻei e ʻea ʻaxina a talo e na somo Transfer verbs Au virika a niu vei ‘acixu “I throw the coconut to my sister” Au viri ʻaxina a niu vei ʻacixu “I threw the coconut to my sister” Au viri ʻaxina a niu e na somo “I threw the coconut onto the soil” #n Positive affirmation, gave it a big great thump on the horrible soil. *A somo au viri ʻaxina a niu A somo au viri ʻaxina xina a niu “the soil that I threw the coconut on” “throw the trash in the trashcan” ? Au moxu ʻaxina a vunicaxu e na Tana na va’a[va’a] Put on shelf “Put in on the shelf” Au tana ʻaxina ai vola e na vaʻavaʻa Intransive O Dro’o kiova axina ‘ixo a ga’a “They’re playing with a snake” # gives the action emphasis, more intentional, more “into it” O droʻo kiova ʻixo a gaʻa “theyʻre playing with the snake” Emotion verbs o ira erabai maka ni rerevaxina “They are not scared of it” O ira rere vaxina “the are scared of it” O ira rere vaxa xea “they scared it?” O ira rere vaxa a gaʻa “snakes in general” O ira rere vaxina a gaʻa “that particular snake” “They are scared of the snake” O ira marau a gonevuli “the students are happy” ?O ira a gonevuli era marau ʻaxi a serexinivuli Era marau ʻaxi a serexinivuli “the vacations are happy times” *O ira a gonevuli era marauʻa a serexinivuli #n the ʻa is hanging, seems to be missing something O ira a gonevuli era marauʻaxa a serexinivuli “The students are happy with the school holiday” O ira a gonevuli era marau ʻaxina a serexinivuli “The students are happy about the vacation” A serexinivuli o ira a gonevuli era marau ʻaxina o ira a gonevuli “the vacation that the students are happy about” #n Seems that ʻvacationʻ is now a core argument, because the RC doesnʻt have resumptive pronoun. E ʻecivo a tau ʻeiʻei “The farmer is annoyed” A tau ʻeiʻei e ʻe civo ʻaxina a draxi “The farmer is annoyed with the weather” *A tau ʻeiʻei e civo ʻaxi a draxi A tau ʻeiʻei e civoʻa a draxi “the farmer annoys the weather” Au va-savasava ʻaxina a vale “Iʻm cleaning the hous”