BUA3-016 
2020.01.26 
Field notes 
Relative clauses 
All positions can be relativezed, but with different strategies (support for a core/non-core  distnction?) 
subject – gap 
Object – gap 
IO – pronoun 
OP – pronoun 
Location – pronoun 
E liliwa a wai drodro  
“The water that is flowing is cold”  
(subject relative) [no resumptive pronoun] 
ʻo xea a ʻamaʻa rixa ʻixo e na yaloyalo  
“He is the man that is running in the video”  
(subject relative) [no resumptive pronoun] 
Au xania a migiʻi e vasakara ʻo inaku  
“I ate the food that my mother cooked”  
(Object Realtive) [no resumptive pronoun] 
*ʻO Henry e soliʻa a niu mai vei Greg 
ʻO Henry (a ʻamaʻa) e soli vei xea a niu mai vei Greg 
“Henry is the person that Greg gave the coconut to” 
(Indirecet Object relative) [resumptive pronoun] 
“Henry was given the coconut from Greg (but not a passive)” 
(Resumptive pronoun!) 
E oʻi au a ʻamaʻa e soliʻa vei au a niu ʻo Greg 
“I am the person (that) Greg gave the coconut to”  
(Indirecet Object relative) [resumptive pronoun] 
e xamusu ai sele au vayaga axina meʻu seleʻa xarote 
“I broke the knife that I cut carrots with” 
(object of a preposition Relative) [resumptive pronoun] 
Meʻu = me + au 
Au sa lesu ʻalu xina vanu au sucu xina 
“I returned to the place where I was born”  
(location realtive) [resumptive pronoun]
E liliwa a wai  
“the water is cold” 
A wai drodro e liliwa 
“The flowing water is cold” 
A wai ni vaivo e liliwa 
“The faucet water is cold” 
Vaivo – faucet/tap (from pipe) 
E liliwa a wai mai na vaivo 
“The water from the tap is cold” 
E xaiau a pi 
“the bee stung/bit me” 
Xa – bite/sting 
Xaiau – bit me 
E sa vuxa ʻixo a pi xaiu  
“the flying bee bit me” 
A gone lailai e ʻagi ʻixo e vatara ʻixo a vinivo tamutamu 
“The crying lady is wearing a red dress” 
Vinivo – dress 
Tamutamu – red 
Vatara – to wear 
A luluvu xei xea marama e caxavi e vaʻangici xea (xea refers to the sadness) “the sadness of the lady makes her cries” 
Marama – lady 
Luluvu – sadness 
Xea – Here  
-ci “because of” (a la Geraghty pg. 269) 
Transitivity 
Test to see if transitive suffix changes based on PERSON or NUMBER of the object (use  pronominal objects, also try pronominally possessed objects). Also play around with  SPECIFICITY.  
Ni sa oʻi ni tana a gone me moce sa kai xisivi xea ʻo ʻinana  
“After putting the child to bed, his mother kissed him (the child)” 
*Ni sa oʻi ni tani a gone me moce.
Ni sa oʻi ni tani droʻo a gone me moce sa kai xisivi droʻo ʻo ʻinadroʻo 
ʻAfter putting the children to bed, mother kissed them (the children)ʻ 
Xisi – to kiss 
*Sa xisiʻi xea ʻo ʻinana 
*Sa xisici xea ʻo ʻinana 
Tana – to put 
Ni kua au vasakara a baigani me xeiʻo vaʻaranavi (already cooked) 
Ni kua au vasakaʻa a baigani me xeiʻo vaʻaranavi (you havenʻt done it, are in the process, OR  ARE ABOUT TO – inceptive?) 
“Today I cooked some eggplants for dinner.” 
#n (Geraghty points out the -r- thematic consonant is associated with verbs of excretion,  Pg.267-8).  
Au voli baigani mai (kai) au sa vasakara ʻodroʻou 
*“I bought some eggplants and then cooked them” 
“I bought the eggplant and THEY are going to cook it 
Ka – Passive-like, additional emphasis on the eggplant (Sisilia) 
Conjunction, links VPs (Schutz) 
Na – FUT 
Kai – and/SEQ 
Au voli baigani mai (ka) au na kai vasakara (*ʻodroʻou) 
*Au voli baigani mai ka au na kai vasakaʻa  
“I bought some eggplants and am going to cook them”