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 \chapter*{Interview with CE transcript}
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1	&	Brad:	&	 We can start recording. So (.) All right, go ahead. Do you have your watch on you?	\\
2	&	Speaker 3:	&	 Mm-hmm.	\\
3	&	Brad:	&	 So today is (.)	\\
4	&	CE:	&	 The 20th of July (.)	\\
5	&	Brad:	&	 The 20th, July 20th, 2017, the time is ... 11:34 AM, the location is Kolonia, Pohnpei. OK. So, let's start with some easy questions. They're all easy, but (.)	\\
6	&	CE:	&	OK, all right @.	\\
7	&	Brad:	&	 So how old are you?	\\
8	&	CE:	&	 I'm 18.	\\
9	&	Brad:	&	 18, OK. Um, and, let's talk a little bit about your history. So where were you born?	\\
10	&	CE:	&	 I was born in Auckland.	\\
11	&	Brad:	&	 Auckland, New Zealand.	\\
12	&	CE:	&	 Yes.	\\
13	&	Brad:	&	OK. Um, and how long did you live there?	\\
14	&	CE:	&	 I only stayed there because my mom was still, um, trying to heal up after giving birth, so right after then she healed up and we came back here, to Pohnpei.	\\
15	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
16	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
17	&	Brad:	&	 And have you lived here ever since?	\\
18	&	CE:	&	 Yes.	\\
19	&	Brad:	&	OK. So you've lived here for almost 18 years.	\\
20	&	CE:	&	 Yeah @.	\\
21	&	Brad:	&	 @ Um, and where in Pohnpei do you live?	\\
22	&	CE:	&	 Um, I live in Kolonia.	\\
23	&	Brad:	&	 In Kolonia?	\\
24	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
25	&	Brad:	&	OK, and have you lived there, in the same place, the entire time? Or have you moved around?	\\
26	&	CE:	&	 Um, I would move around from place to place like, um, Nahnpohnmal.	\\
27	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
28	&	CE:	&	 That's where we have our other house, my dad and my mom built it there. So we would just move, if we have time, yeah.	\\
29	&	Brad:	&	 Um (.) So let's talk a little bit about your parents, if that's OK.	\\
30	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
31	&	Brad:	&	 So, um (.) Where was your mom from?	\\
32	&	CE:	&	 Uh, my mom was from here, and my dad, um, he's from New Zealand.	\\
33	&	Brad:	&	 New Zealand? OK.	\\
34	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
35	&	Brad:	&	 Um, how did they meet?	\\
36	&	CE:	&	 They met in Japan, my mom was still studying. As for my dad, I'm not sure (.) But, he was there for work.	\\
37	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
38	&	CE:	&	 From what I know, yeah.	\\
39	&	Brad:	&	OK. Then they decided to move here?	\\
40	&	CE:	&	 Mmm, yeah @.	\\
41	&	Brad:	&	OK. Well (.) Um, have you traveled abroad at all, besides New Zealand, when you were born?	\\
42	&	CE:	&	 Um, I've traveled several times. Not as much, I did go to Hawaii once.	\\
43	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
44	&	CE:	&	 And then when I came back unfortunately my mom passed so, yeah.	\\
45	&	Brad:	&	 So, when you were growing up, what languages did you speak, or do you speak?	\\
46	&	CE:	&	 Um (.) When I grew up, my first language that I spoke was English.	\\
47	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
48	&	CE:	&	 Mmm, and then I started speaking Pohnpeian because we had this nanny who would always speak Pohnpeian, and whenever she @, whenever she, um, said like words related to Pohnpeian I would, you know, what-cha-call-it, mmm (.) I would keep it in my head and think ``What is she trying to say?" @	\\
49	&	Brad:	&	 @ OK.	\\
50	&	CE:	&	 So onwards, as I grew, I got used to listening to people speaking Pohnpeian, and English. Then I got curious and learned Pohnpeian along the way. It's just, it's been 18 years and I still don't really know that, that much of Pohnpeian language, so (.)	\\
51	&	Brad:	&	OK. So you would say that you speak mostly English (.)	\\
52	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
53	&	Brad:	&	 And know a little bit of Pohnpeian?	\\
54	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
55	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
56	&	CE:	&	 I find it fun, speaking Pohnpeian as well.	\\
57	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
58	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
59	&	Brad:	&	 Um, what languages do your parents speak, or did your parents speak?	\\
60	&	CE:	&	 Um, English.	\\
61	&	Brad:	&	 English?	\\
62	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
63	&	Brad:	&	 And your mom, did she speak Pohnpeian?	\\
64	&	CE:	&	 My s-, my mom speaks Pohnpeian, uh, mostly with her family.	\\
65	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
66	&	CE:	&	 Yeah, `cause we're all, they're all from Pohnpei, so.	\\
67	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
68	&	CE:	&	 Mmm, and my parents, they mostly speak English, `cause my dad knows English more @.	\\
69	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
70	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
71	&	Brad:	&	 He doesn't speak Pohnpeian?	\\
72	&	CE:	&	 Mmm, no, not, not, not that much @.	\\
73	&	Brad:	&	OK. Um (.) And then, so for (.) School. Where did you go, for ele-, like, elementary school?	\\
74	&	CE:	&	 Um (.) For elementary school, first I went to CCA, uh, SDA, and then CCA, and then PCS.	\\
75	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
76	&	CE:	&	 Yeah @.	\\
77	&	Brad:	&	 Are they good schools?	\\
78	&	CE:	&	 Uh, they were a g-, they were a good schools. Um (.) SDA was kind of (.) Oh, SDA and CCA were kind of hard `cause I would get bullied @.	\\
79	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
80	&	CE:	&	 But when I went to PCS, I felt more comfortable there.	\\
81	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
82	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
83	&	Brad:	&	 And then for high school?	\\
84	&	CE:	&	 For high school I went to OLM.	\\
85	&	Brad:	&	 OLM, OK. And so in elementary school, what languages do the teachers use?	\\
86	&	CE:	&	 Um, English.	\\
87	&	Brad:	&	OK. And for high school?	\\
88	&	CE:	&	 For high school, same.	\\
89	&	Brad:	&	OK. And then (.) What languages, uh, did you speak any other languages then? Like did you ever use Pohnpeian in school?	\\
90	&	CE:	&	 Well, we weren't really @, we weren't really allowed to speak Pohnpeian that much. Like, in, during classes, in front of teachers, they wouldn't really allow us to speak Pohnpeian, so.	\\
91	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
92	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
93	&	Brad:	&	 How did that make you feel?	\\
94	&	CE:	&	 Uh, um (.) Sometimes it would be, um (.) Sad, `cause I find speaking Pohnpeian kind of fun @, so, um, whenever we, whenever we got caught speaking Pohnpeian they would just be like ``No!", or, ``Don't speak Pohnpeian `cause we're speaking in English". @ And (.) @ Uh, well (.) I think it's mostly `cause when the teachers, um, speak, when, no. When they hear us speak Pohnpeian they might find it either disrespectful, or it's just not related to what they're teaching.	\\
95	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
96	&	CE:	&	 Yeah, `cause when they speak English, um (.) Uh (.) That's like, what they do. They teach, but they use English, to, you know. And when we speak Pohnpeian, for them, how do I say it? Uh (.) Let's just say, it's not the right time to speak Pohnpeian. In their class, but we can always speak Pohnpeian outside of class, when we're done, like having break times, or with your friends. But for now, we just have to learn like, these certain things that these teachers are teaching us, through their language, which is English @.	\\
97	&	Brad:	&	 @OK.	\\
98	&	CE:	&	 Yeah, it's kind of weird @.	\\
99	&	Brad:	&	OK. So, you said that it was disrespectful. Potentially.	\\
100	&	CE:	&	 Sometimes it is.	\\
101	&	Brad:	&	 Sometimes.	\\
102	&	CE:	&	 @	\\
103	&	Brad:	&	 So ex-, explain that to me, so like why would it be, why are, I mean, how would it be disrespectful?	\\
104	&	CE:	&	 For some students, they would, um, say certain words in Pohnpeian that, um (.) Mean (.) Mean, like (.) They're really bad, in, you know, bad ways, in Pohnpeian.	\\
105	&	Brad:	&	Mm-hmm.	\\
106	&	CE:	&	 So it would be disrespectful for the teacher, in a way that they wouldn't know what they're saying, if they didn't know Pohnpeian. But, uh, it would also be disrespectful in class, `cause (.) Um (.) I don't know, I (.) All I know is, some, some students use it as an advantage to say certain things that teachers may not know of. And like hurt them in a way, so, I find it, I find that part disrespectful. Other than, many others ways to speak Pohnpeian in front of, you know, um (.) Old people @.	\\
107	&	Brad:	&	 @ And so what if they were just, it's, uh, so like if they're saying bad words in Pohnpeian, that's disrespectful.	\\
108	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
109	&	Brad:	&	 But what if they're just having a conversation with their friend, in Pohnpeian, is that disrespectful?	\\
110	&	CE:	&	 In class, or (.)	\\
111	&	Brad:	&	 In class.	\\
112	&	CE:	&	 In class. Well (.) Um (.) Let me say (.) OK. Um (.) I would make literature class, um, an example. So, here I am sitting and my teacher is teaching, while speaking English, and there are these two students having a conversation in Pohnpeian. And (.) I know that the teacher would find it not, um, what do you call it, not (.) Not the right time. Or, it's not the right time and place, `cause, you know, they're, they're (.) At a, they're, it's at a certain time where they're teaching. So, literature, for them, they have to teach in English, and (.) Um (.) Uh, I, I don't know how to say it. All I can say is it, it's the, not really the right time.	\\
113	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
114	&	CE:	&	 For them to have a conversation in Pohnpeian while the teacher is, you know (.)	\\
115	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
116	&	CE:	&	 Teaching in English.	\\
117	&	Brad:	&	 What if they were having that exact same conversation, that same time, but in English, would it be any different?	\\
118	&	CE:	&	 Uh (.)	\\
119	&	Brad:	&	 Or would it be the same?	\\
120	&	CE:	&	 Well (.) You know how you talk in class while the teacher's teaching, and then the teacher like stops you? @	\\
121	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah.	\\
122	&	CE:	&	 Yeah, it's something like that. Either way, if it's like that, then the teacher will have to stop you and continue teaching.	\\
123	&	Brad:	&	OK. What if you're, like on recess or something (.)	\\
124	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
125	&	Brad:	&	 Or between classes talking in Pohnpeian?	\\
126	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
127	&	Brad:	&	 Is that disrespectful?	\\
128	&	CE:	&	 Um (.) Outside of class?	\\
129	&	Brad:	&	 Outside of class.	\\
130	&	CE:	&	 Um, not, not really. Depending on what you're, you know @, what you're talking about, or, yeah.	\\
131	&	Brad:	&	OK. Now, I'm gonna, let's flip this, and say (.) Is it disrespectful that the teacher doesn't speak Pohnpeian? They're using English instead?	\\
132	&	CE:	&	 Is it (.)	\\
133	&	Brad:	&	 Is that disrespectful to the students?	\\
134	&	CE:	&	 That the (.)	\\
135	&	Brad:	&	 Not using their language.	\\
136	&	CE:	&	 I don't think so.	\\
137	&	Brad:	&	OK, why not?	\\
138	&	CE:	&	 Well (.) Doesn't really m-, uh, it doesn't really matter. Um (.) To me, as long as you're well communicated with your students, and if y-, the students are well communicated with the teacher, then it would, it would beOK. But (.) If, so, can you explain the question again? @	\\
139	&	Brad:	&	 @ Yeah, so would it be disrespectful for the teacher to use English to the students?	\\
140	&	CE:	&	 To the students?	\\
141	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah, if the students' language is Pohnpeian.	\\
142	&	CE:	&	 If the students' language is Pohnpeian. Hmm @. Well (.) I (.) I, I think I'll pass that question.	\\
143	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
144	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
145	&	Brad:	&	OK, fair enough. Um (.)OK, so (.) Do you think that schools, or what do you think about schools teaching in English, in general? Is that a good thing, is it a bad thing, is it neutral? And the (.)	\\
146	&	CE:	&	 I think it's (.) I think it's good.	\\
147	&	Brad:	&	OK, why is it good?	\\
148	&	CE:	&	 Well, for a lot of people around this world, um, most of us know English. But then it's good at the same time to learn other languages as well. That way we can all be, you know, well communicated with, you know, other communic-, all, other communities around the world, so, yeah.	\\
149	&	Brad:	&	OK. Should schools teach Pohnpeian or other local languages?	\\
150	&	CE:	&	 Um (.) I think, I think it would be good if, uh, schools could teach Pohnpeian and local languages, `cause nowadays, most, most, um (.) Of the generations, you know, growing, they don't really, um (.) What do you call it? They don't really focus much on their, you know, local way of speaking, or, but it's real-, it's good to know these languages. Yeah.	\\
151	&	Brad:	&	 So, why is it good?	\\
152	&	CE:	&	 Mmm (.) I would say in a way that you get to explore more. Uh, you, you can, you can communicate with other peoples you, other people you never know you can never communicate with, if you learn these languages, you never know, like, what, what you'll get when you learn, learn `em. So. Yeah, I would say like that.	\\
153	&	Brad:	&	 U, earlier you mentioned that (.) You think speaking Pohnpeian is fun.	\\
154	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
155	&	Brad:	&	 Why is that?	\\
156	&	CE:	&	 I think it's fun @, I think it's fun because, um (.) The fact that I know a little bit of Pohnpeian, I can communicate with my families here in Pohnpei, and they don't really know that much of, um, English. So, whenever I speak with them and have fun, and, you know, it makes me happy. And, um, the fact that I know the language it, it helps me better communicate with those people I know, and that don't know how to speak English at all.	\\
157	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
158	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
159	&	Brad:	&	OK. So, would you say that speaking Pohnpeian is important for you?	\\
160	&	CE:	&	 Um, for me (.) Uh, yeah. I would say it's important for me, so, because, um (.) There are certain things in Pohnpeian language that we need to learn in order to respect like elderlies, and certain people you encounter in Pohnpei. And, I learned that learning Pohnpeian language can also, you know, um (.) It can also widen your brain to learn a lot of languages, `cause ever since I learned Pohnpeian, and I knew English, I got interested in learning other languages as well, like Chuukese (.)	\\
161	&	Brad:	&	 Mm-hmm.	\\
162	&	CE:	&	 I went to Chuukese last, um, last month, for a week, and like hearing, hearing these people speaking Chuukese made me so curious @.	\\
163	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
164	&	CE:	&	 Like, don't you have that curiosity in you where you're just like ``What are they saying?" @ and they're laughing at the same time, while they're talking, so, it just makes me curious, and, you know, you want to (.) You just want to, um (.) Know these things so you can better, better communicate and, um, you know, get along, and (.) I don't know. I would just say that's (.) Making new friends from different places, local places, yeah.	\\
165	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
166	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
167	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm. So when would you use English, or Pohnpeian?	\\
168	&	CE:	&	 Mmm. I use Pohnpeian mostly at home, along with English. Um (.) I speak English mostly in school. And (.) When I'm at parties for my grandfather, uh, I will mostly speak Pohnpeian, when I do servings. Like, um, serving wine, or, to the guests that come. And, yeah. Those, those are the only thing, I, yeah @.	\\
169	&	Brad:	&	OK. So when you walk around [inaudible 00:17:38], or you go to the store, or you buy things, what do you, what language do you use?	\\
170	&	CE:	&	 Both.	\\
171	&	Brad:	&	 Both?	\\
172	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
173	&	Brad:	&	 So when would you use, and when would you use Pohnpeian in those situations?	\\
174	&	CE:	&	 So, if I'm walking in Kolonia and I see, um, people, you know, passing by, I would greet them in Pohnpeian, I'm saying ``Lehlie", ``Kaselehlie", and, um (.) That other person would reply back and say ``Kaselehlie", same thing. So it's like greeting Pohnpeian to another Pohnpeian. And when I'm in stores, uh (.) I would speak Pohnpeian and ask them where's this and that, or if I don't know, like, a certain word for a Po-, the certain word to say, I would use English @.	\\
175	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
176	&	CE:	&	 So yeah, those two languages, yeah.	\\
177	&	Brad:	&	OK. So what about with your friends from school?	\\
178	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
179	&	Brad:	&	 What languages do you use with them?	\\
180	&	CE:	&	 @ Both.	\\
181	&	Brad:	&	 Both?	\\
182	&	CE:	&	 Yeah, well mostly English.	\\
183	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
184	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
185	&	Brad:	&	 Why mostly English?	\\
186	&	CE:	&	 Well, it's `cause, um, I guess I'm (.) Used to speaking English in school and with my friends, but when it comes to like fun times, I would just speak Pohnpeian. And they would, they would make fun of me `cause sometimes I wouldn't really know how to form the words right @.	\\
187	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
188	&	CE:	&	 So, I find it fun, speaking Pohnpeian with them, `cause they would correct me, and laugh @. But, yeah, I mean (.) Um, I find English more comfortable, so that, you know, I wouldn't make a mistake speaking Pohnpeian @.	\\
189	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
190	&	CE:	&	 In front of them. Yeah, \#.	\\
191	&	Brad:	&	OK. Are there, are there situations where (.) Not knowing a lot of Pohnpeian, or more P-, Pohnpeian has been difficult for you?	\\
192	&	CE:	&	 Um (.) Yeah. There would be times where I find it hard to communicate in Pohnpeian `cause (.) I haven't really gotten all of it yet.	\\
193	&	Brad:	&	Mm-hmm.	\\
194	&	CE:	&	 Like, the language. Which kind of makes me sad, `cause I want to know Pohnpeian more than how I'm, how much I know now. That way I wouldn't, you know, repeat some mistakes that I've @, done before, when I speak Pohnpeian. Like greeting an elder, um @, I kinda got lectured once @.	\\
195	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
196	&	CE:	&	 But then, that person helped me. Um, taught me some words, and, you know. Speaking with, you know, the high (.)	\\
197	&	Brad:	&	Mm-hmm.	\\
198	&	CE:	&	 And old people, and I find it, I find it very helpful when you communicate with others that know that you're doing this mistake, and they tell you. And it helps you along the way, when you, with growing, yeah.	\\
199	&	Brad:	&	OK. If I can ask, what, what did you say, and what, how'd they correct you?	\\
200	&	CE:	&	 @ Well @, uh (.) My grandfather, for example. There was this one time we had a kamadipw.	\\
201	&	Brad:	&	Mm-hmm.	\\
202	&	CE:	&	 A party. Uh, they were having sokehs, and I walked up, I walked up and just passed @, I walked right just past, and my grandfather stopped me, and I walked back, and he was like ``You're not gonna greet the-, these people?" And, and I said ``Oh. Oh (.)" @, so I kinda made a mistake there, `cause Pohnpeian culture, we have to greet, uh, these people when, when you pass by them. And even when they're having sokehs. So I went up and said, I said ``Kaselehlie maing ko", and you know, the whole group, they all said ``Kaselehlie" @.	\\
203	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
204	&	CE:	&	 And then, my grandfather like turned to me and said, ``That's the way, good, good."	\\
205	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
206	&	CE:	&	 ``You're learning, you're learning." And uh, just, yeah. I would walk and say, ``Oh my gosh, CE" @.	\\
207	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
208	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
209	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
210	&	CE:	&	 @	\\
211	&	Brad:	&	 Are there times when people were helpful?	\\
212	&	CE:	&	 Mmm. Are there, are there times when people are (.)	\\
213	&	Brad:	&	 It's, when you don't know what to do, if you forgot something and people just, d-, don't help you.	\\
214	&	CE:	&	 How (.) Do you say that? In other words? Not helpful?	\\
215	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah, so if you made a mistake.	\\
216	&	CE:	&	 Oh (.)	\\
217	&	Brad:	&	 And then people have just, sometimes, you said, sometimes people help you, and help you to learn, and that's good. Are there, have there been times when you made a mistake and then people just don't help you at all?	\\
218	&	CE:	&	 I don't recall any time.	\\
219	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
220	&	CE:	&	 Yeah. Yeah, I don't @ recall a time.	\\
221	&	Brad:	&	 @ OK, so do you think the Pohnpeian language is important for Pohnpei? Overall?	\\
222	&	CE:	&	 Yeah, I think it is important for Pohnpeians. To know, and to learn, and (.) Um, it's also helpful so that you can ex-, you can respect, uh, elderlies who are from Pohnpei. It's good to know these languages so that, um (.) Yeah, so you can better, so you can know these things. There are certain things that Pohnpeian language can help you with, uh, when you go to parties, or kamadipw where, you know, there are old people, and you have to know that you, you should pay respects in Pohnpeian. But, yeah, those are my only reasons @, why it's important.	\\
223	&	Brad:	&	OK. Is English important for Pohnpeians?	\\
224	&	CE:	&	 Um (.) Yes, it is Eng-, it is important for Pohnpeians. Well, for communication. And (.) So that they can learn, `cause schools nowadays, they, sch-, some schools nowadays speak English more, and if they learn English, they can, you know, um (.) Build up their knowledge, and maybe decide to, um, go abroad, or, yeah.	\\
225	&	Brad:	&	OK. Can you learn that, can you acquire that same knowledge in Pohnpeian, that you can in English?	\\
226	&	CE:	&	 Yeah, you can. You can, like, uh, there are a lot of, there are a lot of things that Pohnpeian, Pohnpeian language can teach you, and (.) Like (.) If teachers speak Pohnpeian to Pohnpeians, and like teach them, same way as English, uh, teaching, you know, other students can, it can also be a good, or it can also help you gain knowledge. `Cause once you know these certain things, you also build yourself up, um (.) Becoming a more communicating and knowing person, yeah, in a way.	\\
227	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
228	&	CE:	&	 In a way @.	\\
229	&	Brad:	&	 @OK. Are they different knowledges, or are they the same?	\\
230	&	CE:	&	 They should, well (.) Depending on what they teach. Mmm (.) There's on-, well, every person takes, takes in things they learn differently. They have their own opinions, and, you know. So, what's unique about it is the languages. But, um (.) Hmm, I would just say, it's good (.) Mmm. I wouldn't really say it's different, but (.) It's different in the learning way @, or the language @, I don't know.	\\
231	&	Brad:	&	 That'sOK.	\\
232	&	CE:	&	 @ My answers all make sense, huh @.	\\
233	&	Brad:	&	 @ No, it's good. Um (.) Yeah, so (.) Do you think that (.) Young people use Pohnpeian differently from older people?	\\
234	&	CE:	&	 Yeah @.	\\
235	&	Brad:	&	 @ How so?	\\
236	&	CE:	&	 Um @ (.) They like goofing around with their (.) @ They like to goof ar-, some, some little younglings like to goof around with their languages nowadays @.	\\
237	&	Brad:	&	 What do you mean by that?	\\
238	&	CE:	&	 Mmm (.) They, they, some like to show off @. Like (.) Uh (.) You know, they would, they would, sometimes they would like speak it in front of people who don't know how to speak Pohnpeian and then they would just start making fun out of it. Yeah, but (.) For certain people, they, they really take Pohnpeian seriously, like, certain young (.) \# @. Certain people I know, they take Pohnpeian language very, um (.) They kind of (.) Use it, use it to communicate with their family and get closer with those they love. And, yeah. You know, young people use it for different ways @. But I wouldn't really stick to one, I would just, it really depends on that person.	\\
239	&	Brad:	&	OK. Do you think young people use more or less English, or the same as older people?	\\
240	&	CE:	&	 I think, I think, uh, Pohnpeian and english, for Pohnpeians right? Mmm (.) Just for some young people, I would just say that they wouldn't know that much about the high way of, oh no. I don't, I really don't know @.	\\
241	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
242	&	CE:	&	 Yeah. Uh (.) Young people (.) They don't really use, uh, those (.) When they're with their friends, they're more comfortable speaking, you know, what you call it. Mmm, informally @.	\\
243	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
244	&	CE:	&	 Yeah, and when they're with, when they're near old people, they would speak formally, `cause they know Pohnpeian culture, you have to respect those who are, you know, elder, elderly, and (.)	\\
245	&	Brad:	&	 Do you think that young people use more English then?	\\
246	&	CE:	&	 Mmm (.)	\\
247	&	Brad:	&	 Or not really?	\\
248	&	CE:	&	 Yeah. Well, mmm, I wouldn't really say more. It really depends on that person.	\\
249	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
250	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
251	&	Brad:	&	 So what do you think the future of the Pohnpeian, I mean, like Pohnpeian and English in Pohnpei is? Like in 20, 50, 60 years or whatever, in the future, do you think people will still speak Pohnpeian? Do you speak, think people will speak more English or less English, or (.)	\\
252	&	CE:	&	 Mmm @.	\\
253	&	Brad:	&	 That's a tough question.	\\
254	&	CE:	&	 Mmm (.) I wouldn't really know, but what I would want to happen, is that I would, I would want Pohnpeian language to keep going. Uh, `cause it's important to know these languages. I, for me, for me, since my mom is from Pohnpei, and since I was, since I've been living here, I've learned English, and it's helped me. Uh, as I've learned Pohnpeian, it's helped me too. So (.) I would say that having both languages being spoken in the future would be better than, you know, either of them lessening, or, how should I say it? Like (.) Being ignored @, or (.)	\\
255	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
256	&	CE:	&	 Mmm, those are my only answers.	\\
257	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
258	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
259	&	Brad:	&	 Thank you. So (.) Should other people living on Pohnpei speak Pohnpeian? Like other Micronesians? People from Chuuk, or Yap, or even the other islands, Pingelap, Mwoakilloa, et cetera, that live here in Pohnpei for whatever reason. Should they learn Pohnpeian?	\\
260	&	CE:	&	 It's really up to them if they want to learn Pohnpeian. But, I would just say, if they do learn Pohnpeian, then they could know what's, what's up and what goes on in Pohnpei, and it an also help them communicate with Pohnpeians as well. Yeah.	\\
261	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
262	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
263	&	Brad:	&	 Um, what do you think about English being one of the official languages of the FSM?	\\
264	&	CE:	&	 I think it's good. Uh, it, it's actually been, uh (.) One of those languages that can help a lot of people, in school, in school mostly, sorry @. But, uh (.) Yeah, for (.) For English, it's been helping people. And I think it's, uh, good that it's (.) That it would be a official language here in the FSM.	\\
265	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
266	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
267	&	Brad:	&	 What if (.) Instead of English as the official language, `cause the FSM National Government has this all of the, all of the second Congress has meetings in English, whenever (.) What if that were to change, and instead it would be Pohnpeian as the official language of the entire country? Or Chuukese, or Yape-, Yapese, or Kosraean, if they picked a, a Micronesian language and made that the official language.	\\
268	&	CE:	&	 Oh @.	\\
269	&	Brad:	&	 If they just picked one of them, what do you think would happen?	\\
270	&	CE:	&	 Picked one of them?	\\
271	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah, and made that the one official language?	\\
272	&	CE:	&	 Official language for the FSM?	\\
273	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah. Pohnpeian as the official language of the FSM.	\\
274	&	CE:	&	 Whoa @.	\\
275	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
276	&	CE:	&	 Mmm (.) Hmm. That's a tough question @.	\\
277	&	Brad:	&	 @ Do you think people would like it, do you think it would be good, or bad, or (.)	\\
278	&	CE:	&	 I don't know what would happen, if it would be the official language. Mmm (.) Oh my gosh @.	\\
279	&	Brad:	&	 @ Just whatever, I mean, there's no right or wrong answer, necessarily, it's just whatever you (.)	\\
280	&	CE:	&	 Uh (.)	\\
281	&	Brad:	&	 Whatever your opinion is.	\\
282	&	CE:	&	 Mmm, hmm, hmm, hmm @. OK. If Pohnpeian was the official language in the FSM. Then (.) Well (.) Uh (.) @, if Pohnpeian language was official in the FSM, then how would all this happen? @	\\
283	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
284	&	CE:	&	 Well, um, I don't know @, I don't know how to answer this question.	\\
285	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
286	&	CE:	&	 I guess I'll just pass this question for now @.	\\
287	&	Brad:	&	 All right, so next question, so (.) Do you, do you pay attention to any news that happens? Like either here in Pohnpei, or the FSM, the US, other countries?	\\
288	&	CE:	&	 Uh (.) Yeah. Like, here in Pohnpei, I've been hearing news of funerals, and (.) Radio, the radio. Mmm, uh, they speak Pohnpeian and make announcements.	\\
289	&	Speaker 4:	&	 Sorry. \#	\\
290	&	Brad:	&	 That's OK, so, um, so you listen to the radio in Pohnpeian?	\\
291	&	CE:	&	 Sometimes.	\\
292	&	Brad:	&	 Sometimes.	\\
293	&	CE:	&	 And, more English on TV.	\\
294	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
295	&	CE:	&	 And, yeah.	\\
296	&	Brad:	&	 What do you watch on TV in English?	\\
297	&	CE:	&	 CNN @.	\\
298	&	Brad:	&	 @OK.	\\
299	&	CE:	&	 And, you know, series, movies.	\\
300	&	Brad:	&	OK. Um, do you (.) Have any other sources of news, like on the internet or anything?	\\
301	&	CE:	&	 Mmm (.) Facebook?	\\
302	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
303	&	CE:	&	 Yeah, Facebook @.	\\
304	&	Brad:	&	 When you use Facebook, what languages do you use?	\\
305	&	CE:	&	 Both @.	\\
306	&	Brad:	&	 Both?	\\
307	&	CE:	&	 Even though it's embarrassing to use Pohnpeian when I don't really know how to spell that much @.	\\
308	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
309	&	CE:	&	 Of the words. I like get corrected afterwards @.	\\
310	&	Brad:	&	 @ Who corrects you?	\\
311	&	CE:	&	 My friends @.	\\
312	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
313	&	CE:	&	 Close friends.	\\
314	&	Brad:	&	 What do they say?	\\
315	&	CE:	&	 It was just (.) Uh, send an, a little message and correct me and say, ``Don't worry, you're still learning". Yeah. Yeah @.	\\
316	&	Brad:	&	 Wh-, what do you think about it when people correct you? Do you like it, not like it?	\\
317	&	CE:	&	 Well, the fact that it's just with my friends, that, it's comfortable, it's, it's OK with me, yeah. But sometimes I find it embarrassing @.	\\
318	&	Brad:	&	 Yeah.	\\
319	&	CE:	&	 Yeah. `Cause I want to know that language so bad that I can, you know (.) Better it for myself and for those here in Pohnpei that I know, and yeah.	\\
320	&	Brad:	&	 So you think it's important to learn more of it?	\\
321	&	CE:	&	 Mmm, for me, yeah.	\\
322	&	Brad:	&	 For you. OK. So like you (.) As you said before, so you can talk to friends and other people (.)	\\
323	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
324	&	Brad:	&	 And not feel embarrassed.	\\
325	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
326	&	Brad:	&	OK. So, this is probably one of those broader questions, and you might not have an answer, and it'sOK.	\\
327	&	CE:	&	OK.	\\
328	&	Brad:	&	 Um (.) But, uh, Pohnpei has several embassies in other countries, right? Like Australia, Japan, China, the US.	\\
329	&	CE:	&	Mm-hmm.	\\
330	&	Brad:	&	 In other countries. What do you think other countries want for Pohnpei, in terms of language? Like for example, the US.	\\
331	&	CE:	&	 Um (.) For me, I would just refer to, uh, education. Um, students' knowledge when they learn things, and (.) Um, and students learn things and they grow their knowledge and enhance their education, and then (.) There are times when students decide to go abroad, and learn things in the US, or other places, Japan, Australia.	\\
332	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm.	\\
333	&	CE:	&	 Yeah, that would be one, in school. But for other places, I'm not sure.	\\
334	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
335	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
336	&	Brad:	&	OK, do you think these interests are, are positive? Like, for the best interest of the people here, or is it a kind of selfish thing? Or something else?	\\
337	&	CE:	&	 Uh (.) Enhan-, like enhancing education, or (.)	\\
338	&	Brad:	&	 Mmm?	\\
339	&	CE:	&	 Like, learning, or?	\\
340	&	Brad:	&	 Just in terms of the way that they, you know, the US give money or the, the interest here, right? Considered funds.	\\
341	&	CE:	&	 Like the Compact?	\\
342	&	Brad:	&	 Like the Compact, right, do you think that's (.)	\\
343	&	CE:	&	 Um (.)	\\
344	&	Brad:	&	 A good thing, a bad thing?	\\
345	&	CE:	&	 I think it's, it's good, `cause it's helping this, it's been helping FSM ever since, uh (.) Yeah.	\\
346	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
347	&	CE:	&	I would say.	\\
348	&	Brad:	&	 And what effect do you think the Compact has on language here in Pohnpei?	\\
349	&	CE:	&	 I don't (.) Not sure. Mmm. \# an effect. (.) Yeah @, I, I'm not sure.	\\
350	&	Brad:	&	 So do you have any family that live in the US?	\\
351	&	CE:	&	 Family that live in the US, yes, I do.	\\
352	&	Brad:	&	 And where do they live in the US?	\\
353	&	CE:	&	 Um (.) Well (.) My brother is currently (.) Not currently, yet, but he's gonna go back to Wisconsin and stay there for college.	\\
354	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
355	&	CE:	&	 And, uh, my uncle who's in Hilo, Hawaii. He lives there with his family.	\\
356	&	Brad:	&	OK, and is he Pohnpeian, on your mom's side?	\\
357	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
358	&	Brad:	&	 All right. Um (.) And do you ever talk to him?	\\
359	&	CE:	&	 I do, sometimes @.	\\
360	&	Brad:	&	 @	\\
361	&	CE:	&	 When he's not busy.	\\
362	&	Brad:	&	OK, and do you s-, what language do you speak with him?	\\
363	&	CE:	&	 Uh (.) He mostly speaks Pohnpeian.	\\
364	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
365	&	CE:	&	 He asks me questions in Pohnpeian but, uh, and I would answer him in both of, both languages, it really depends on, yeah. We speak to each other both languages, but he mostly speaks Pohnpeian. Yeah.	\\
366	&	Brad:	&	OK. So if you could learn any other language, what language would you want to learn?	\\
367	&	CE:	&	 Korean @.	\\
368	&	Brad:	&	 @ Korean? Why?	\\
369	&	CE:	&	 Uh @, I, I'm a fan @. I'm a fan of Korean drama.	\\
370	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
371	&	CE:	&	 And (.) I, I am a fan of learning languages, so the fact that I love Korean drama makes me want to learn Korean @.	\\
372	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
373	&	CE:	&	 Yeah. Mmm, yeah, and other languages. Chinese, because I recently found out that I have a family there.	\\
374	&	Brad:	&	 Oh, OK.	\\
375	&	CE:	&	 Mmm, my dad's side. So yeah. No other languages, so far @.	\\
376	&	Brad:	&	OK. So if you were the, were to rank languages a p-, on a point basis based on how important they are for people here (.) What order would you rank them? What languages, what language would you rank first, second?	\\
377	&	CE:	&	 Mmm. Like Pohnpeian, Mwokilese (.)	\\
378	&	Brad:	&	 English, Chuukese, Kosraean, whatever.	\\
379	&	CE:	&	 Mmm (.) I really don't (.) I w-, I wouldn't, I wouldn't rank them. But if I were to rank my two languages, I would just balance the @, the two. But the fact that I don't know that much of Pohnpeian, English would be ranked number one.	\\
380	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
381	&	CE:	&	 For me.	\\
382	&	Brad:	&	 And then number two would be (.)	\\
383	&	CE:	&	 Pohnpeian.	\\
384	&	Brad:	&	 Pohnpeian.	\\
385	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
386	&	Brad:	&	OK, would you, instead of ranking them, what would you do instead?	\\
387	&	CE:	&	 Mmm (.) Well (.) What would I do (.) With those two languages? Uh, since I know that much of English, I would better improve my Pohnpeian.	\\
388	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
389	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
390	&	Brad:	&	 That's the end of my list of questions, um, do you have anything else that you want to share about your experience with language here, um, in Pohnpei, or other things that are important to you about language, or (.)	\\
391	&	CE:	&	 For me, what's important about language is (.) Um (.) It's good to know your language or, it's good to know a certain language from where you are or where you're at, `cause, uh, that way you can better communicate with other people. And (.) You can know a lot of, you can know a lot of things, if you know other language. So (.) In my opinion, I would learn a language and use it to live life, getting to know people or doing things, or, yeah.	\\
392	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
393	&	CE:	&	 And I'm glad, I'm blessed that I'm here in Pohnpei, with my broken Pohnpeian @, but it's, it's helping me, the people are helping me, um, better the way I speak it. And (.) Without English nor Pohnpeian, I wouldn't know certain things that I'm going through, out in my life. Yeah.	\\
394	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
395	&	CE:	&	 @ That's all, I, I guess. Yeah, that's all.	\\
396	&	Brad:	&	 Can you give me an example of the certain things?	\\
397	&	CE:	&	 Mmm (.) I would @ (.) For English, uh, it's helped me learn things in school through, through my teachers, who speak English and teach in English, and (.) It's given me good knowledge and education, and also communication with other people. And Pohnpeian, it's helped me communicate with my family, my friends, and (.) It's (.) Served me great with a lot of Pohnpeians here, and even living here, at the same time, it's been fun and enjoyable learning Pohnpeian, as I grew up.	\\
398	&	Brad:	&	OK.	\\
399	&	CE:	&	 Yeah.	\\
400	&	Brad:	&	OK. All right, well, thank you.	\\
401	&	CE:	&	 Mmm.	\\
402	&	Brad:	&	 Unless there's anything else that you want to say?	\\
403	&	CE:	&	 I don't know @.	\\
404	&	Brad:	&	 @ That's OK, all right.	\\
405	&	CE:	&	OK.	\\
\end{longtable}
\end{document}