The distribution of Rubus species in the State of Hawaii

Abstract

Two endemic and seven alien species of Rubus are established in Hawai'i, with one or more alien species on each of the major islands except Kaho'olawe and Ni'ihau. The alien species are all thorny, easily dispersed, and are considered capable of disrupting native ecosystems. Whereas the range of the native species are relatively static, most alien species are thought to be capable of further spread from their present distributions. Cultivars are freely imported for purchase by homeowners and gardeners; however, Hawai'i has no significant commercial production of any Rubus fruit.