Antenna Array Designs For Directional Wireless Communicatoin
Antenna Array Designs For Directional Wireless Communicatoin
Date
2018-05
Authors
Huang, Gui Chao
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Electrical Engineering
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Forty percent of people living in rural areas do not have broadband Internet access.
Availability of affordable broadband access to the Internet would have a significant impact
on enabling the economic development in these areas and in providing improved quality
of life. However, large-scale deployment of broadband wireless technologies hinges on
the development of reliable, low cost, and energy efficient networking solutions. To
overcome wireless networking challenges in rural areas, a novel advanced directional
networking technology has been proposed. The approach is based on enhancing
intelligence and logic capabilities in the physical layer in the OSI Model and without
causing changes in the other layers of the communication networking model. A critical
component in implementing the proposed system is the development of a low-cost and
low-profile circularly polarized antenna array with beam-switching/beam-steering
capabilities. In this dissertation, a broadband long-slot antenna array fed by simplified
microstrip structures was designed, fabricated and a prototype was tested in the HCAC
indoor antenna range. For system components requiring extremely low-profile antenna
installations, a narrower-band high-gain stacked patch antenna array with annular gap
was also developed. Both antenna arrays were tested for beam-steering capabilities
using a new design of a broadband microstrip-based 8×8 Butler matrix with compact
crossovers. The antenna arrays and the Butler matrix were fabricated and experimentally
characterized. Simulation results were verified with measured data. The long-slot antenna
array has 40% bandwidth with an average gain of 17 dBic and an axial ratio of < 1.8 dB.
The stacked patch antenna array has 16.7% bandwidth with an average gain of 23 dBic
and an axial ratio of < 1.6 dB. Stable radiation patterns and a scanning range of ±30°
were obtained when the antenna arrays were fed by the Butler matrix.
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