Molecular Marker Analysis of Quantitative Genetic Traits in Maize

Date
2000
Authors
Nourse, Sarah Merriam
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Abstract
The three studies in this research incorporate molecular markers to analyze quantitative traits in maize. Molecular markers are used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and evaluate relationships and heterotic potential among selected supersweet inbred lines. The first two studies incorporated a recombinant inbred line population, Set G, from the University of Hawaii derived from elite inbreds Hi31 (Hawaii/Iowa) and Ki 14 (Thailand). The RIL population had been genotyped previously with 127 RFLP markers, creating a well-saturated linkage map (Ming et ah, 1997). Set G was used to study lime-induced chlorosis and photoperiod sensitivity in this research. QTLs significantly associated with lime-induced chlorosis occurred on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9. The QTL with largest effect was associated with RFLP locus umc26 on Chromosome 3, and explained 41% of the variation within the population. QTLs significantly associated with photoperiod response were found on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, and 10. The QTLs with largest effect were associated with RFLP locus php06005 at 62 CM on Chromosome 10, and explained from 9 to 39% of the variation within the population for the traits studied in both years, days to anthesis, days to silking, plant height, ear height, and leaf number below the ear. The third study involved characterization of ten parental supersweet inbred lines from Hawaii, Thailand, Australia, and Iowa with 49 SSR markers. Genetic similarity coefficients were calculated for the inbreds based on the SSR analysis. A partial-diallel population was created with the characterized inbreds. Correlations (r) between GS values with SCA estimates from diallel analysis were highest for days to silking and anthesis, plant and ear height, and ear length at (72%, 69%, 68%, 51%, and .49% respectively) and were all highly significant (p > 0.01). Tenderness ratings and GS values were also significantly correlated (p = 0.05). Sweetness and row number were not significantly correlated with GS values based on SSR analysis in this study. The GS values provided useful information about the diversity among the inbreds and insight into potential for hybrid performance for most of the traits evaluated in this study.
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