Pacific Science Volume 21, Number 1, 1967

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Pacific Science is a quarterly publication devoted to the biological and physical sciences of the Pacific Region.

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    Note. A Noninjurious Attack by a Small Shark
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-01) Fellows, David P. ; Murchison, A.E.
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    Gravity and Geological Studies of an Ultramafic Mass in New Zealand
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-01) Malahoff, Alexander
    A gravity and geologic survey was carried out over a port ion of the Nelson ultramafic belt of the South Island . In this region, the ultramafic rocks outcrop over a 5-mile-wide belt and abut against the Alpine greywacke along the right lateral transcurrent Alpine Fault. The dunite and peridotite of the ultramafic belt as well as the overlying geosynclinal sediments strike north . At their southern extremity, these rocks are faulted by the northeast-southwest striking Alpine Fault against the massive Alpine greywackes to the south of the fault. There is a complete discordance of the stratigraphic elements between the two sides of the fault. The basal Permian ultramafic belt (Wairau ultramafic mass) to the north of the fault is horizontally layered and shows inch-scale layering comparable to that observed by Hess in the Stillwater complex of Montana. Stratigraphically above the Wairau ultramafic mass and also on the northern side of the fault lies a vertically dipping, 31,000-ft-thick sequence of serpentinite, spilite, grey slate, red and green slate, and tuffaceous sandstone. The density of the rocks surrounding the Wairau ultramafic mass varies between 2.65 gm/cc and 2.75 gm/cc, while that of the peridotite and dunite varies between 3.2 gm/cc and 3.3 gm/ cc. A total thickness of 7,000 ft for the Wairau ultramafic mass was computed, using the average density contrast of 0.5 gm/cc between the ultramafics and the country rock. Gravity analysis also shows that the Alpine Fault dips 67° southeast along the contact between the ultramafics and the Alpine greywacke. It is thought that the Wairau ultramafic mass was emplaced as a vertical dike when the surrounding rocks were horizontal and that the dike and the surrounding rocks have been rotated by 90° so that the dike is now horizontal and the beds are vertical. Comparisons between the stratigraphic sequence studied here and an almost identical sequence on the southern side of the Alpine Fault in Otago province supports the previously postulated 300-mile-long transcurrent displacement between the two areas along the Alpine Fault system of New Zealand. Studies of displacement of post-glacial river terraces along the Alpine Fault in Nelson show an average right lateral movement of 0.36 inches per year along the fault since the last glaciation.
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    An Unusual Example of Pseudoseisms Resulting from Military Exercises
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-01) Krivoy, Harold L. ; Johnson, Charles G. ; Koyanagi, Robert Y.
    Aerial bombing of the target island of Kahoolawe, Hawaii, during several hours on 19 and 20 December 1961 and on 13 February 1962 generated acoustic disturbances that were felt by people and recorded by seismometers on the island of Hawaii. The azimuth of arrival of the pseudoseisms was calculated from the accurate seismographic responses. Special atmospheric conditions are suspected as prime agencies in the propagation and focusing of these phenomena; lack of specific data in this field, however, leaves the matter of atmospheric structure speculative.
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    A Hitherto Unrecorded Midge Gall of Myrsine australis (A. Rich.) Allan
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-01) Arnold, B.C.
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    The Flora of Romonum Island, Truk lagoon, Caroline Islands
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-01) Stone, Benjamin C.
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    Late Cenozoic Ostracodes from the Drowned Terraces in the Hawaiian Islands
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-01) Holden, John C.
    late Cenozoic ostracodes from extensive submarine terr aces in the Hawaiian Islands ranging in depth from 260 to 355 fath oms resemble, in part, modern shallow water faun as of the Hawaiian and tropical Pacific islands. Of the 35 species from the terraces, 13 are described as new. These are: Cytherelloidea monodenticulata, Bairdia kauaiensis, B. hanaumaensis, B. ritugerda, Hemicythere obesa, Mitilus oahuensis, M.(?) coalescens, Jugosocythereis venulosus, Quadracythere hornibrooki, Loxoconcha batei, L. condyla, Cletocythereis bradyi, and N eocaudites terryi. The assemblage indicates an original shallow water environment for the terraces. Most of the extant species, which also occur as fossils from the terr aces, live at depths less than 50 fathoms in present oceans, and only one is reliably reported as living deeper than 160 fathoms; several are known littoral forms
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    The Osteology of the Congrid Eel Gorgasia punctata and the Relationships of the Heterocongrinae
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-01) Rosenblatt, Richard H.
    The osteology of Gorgasia punctata is described, figured, and compared with that of other congrids. Gorgasia is clearly referable to the subfamily Heterocongrinae. The heterocongrines agree with the Congridae in several important featu res, and do not differ in fund amental respects. Therefore, the group is recognized as a subfamily of the Congridae. Gorgasia is the most primitive heterocongrine, and agrees with the anagoine congrids in having a lateral ethmoid process. Because of this and other similarities it is suggested that the Anagoinae and Heterocongrinae arose from a common stem. The genus Xarifania was erected on the erroneous basis of lack of caudal rays. It is synonymized with Taenioconger.
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    The Larval Development of the Sand Crab Emerita rathbunae Schmitt (Decapoda, Hippidae)
    (University of Hawai'i Press, 1967-01) Knight, Margaret D.
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