http://hdl.handle.net/10125/875 Wed, 19 Jun 2013 11:45:56 GMT 2013-06-19T11:45:56Z http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9466 Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1996.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-104).; Microfiche.; xi, 104 leaves, bound photos. (some col.) 29 cm Mon, 01 Jan 1996 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9466 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z Yu, Ming-qiu http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9465 Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1996.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-86).; Microfiche.; xi, 86 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm Mon, 01 Jan 1996 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9465 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z Shigaki, Toshiro http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9464 Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1995.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-111).; Microfiche.; ix, 113 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm Sun, 01 Jan 1995 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9464 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z Jee, Hyeong Jin http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9463 Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1995.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-107).; Microfiche.; x, 107 leaves, bound ill. (some col.) 29 cm Sun, 01 Jan 1995 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9463 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z Rehman, Faiz-Ur http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9462 Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1992.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-93); Microfiche.; x, 93 leaves, bound ill. (some col.) 29 cm Wed, 01 Jan 1992 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9462 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z Borth, Wayne B http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9461 Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1991.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-102); Microfiche.; x, 102 leaves, bound ill. (some col.) 29 cm Tue, 01 Jan 1991 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9461 1991-01-01T00:00:00Z McElhaney, Rosemarie http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9460 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1990.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-115); Microfiche.; xiv, 115 leaves, bound ill. (some col.) 29 cm Mon, 01 Jan 1990 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9460 1990-01-01T00:00:00Z Chang, Tun-tschu http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9459 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1989.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 98-109); Microfiche.; xi, 109 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm Sun, 01 Jan 1989 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9459 1989-01-01T00:00:00Z Gunasinghe, Ukkubandage http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9458 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1984.; Bibliography: leaves [82]-88.; Photocopy.; Microfilm.; viii, 88 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm Sun, 01 Jan 1984 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9458 1984-01-01T00:00:00Z Uchida, Janice Y http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7001 Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), a seedborne quarantine pathogen, causes bacterial canker of tomato, which is a serious disease that can severely decrease yields in greenhouse and field production areas. Seed assays are used to prevent dissemination of Cmm through infested seed, but limitations in assay sensitivity and specificity allow canker outbreaks to continue. An assay was developed that detected Cmm when as few as 10 colony forming units (cfu) were present per 50 ml sample. The assay used a three-unit filtration system to capture bacterial cells, followed by a four-day membrane incubation and a colony blot immunoassay using the CMMI monoclonal antibody (MAb). The filtration and immunoassay technique was more sensitive than a standard spread plating assay, and could potentially reduce current assay times by up to 3 weeks. Assays done on nine seed lots yielded a high percentage (81%) of MAb CMMl positive colonies that were hypovirulent or nonvirulent on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Kewalo). All strains were confirmed as Cmm using the MicroLog identification system, rep-PCR, two PCR primer sets, and an endoglucanase assay. Of the assays tested, MicroLog and rep-PCR were the most consistent in identifying hypovirulent and nonvirulent MAb CMMI-positive strains as Cmm. The CMMI MAb was further used to quantify in planta movement and multiplication of a nonvirulent Cmm strain when coinoculated with a virulent Cmm strain. In planta coincubation did not significantly alter growth or colonization habits of either strain. Thus, here is no evidence that nonvirulent Cmm strains playa role in bacterial canker epidemiology. However, their continued isolation from diseased and infested tissues, and the importance of nonvirulent strains in other pathosystems, suggest significance and warrants further investigation. ix, 88 leaves Fri, 01 Aug 2003 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7001 2003-08-01T00:00:00Z Kaneshiro, Wendy S http://hdl.handle.net/10125/6965 The esterase phenotype of female Meloidogyne konaensis (MK) was originally described as a single fast band (F1). Culturing MK, originally isolated from coffee, on tomato resulted in the detection of two additional phenotypes (I1-FI and I1). These three M. konaensis esterase phenotypes (MKF1, MKl1-FI and MKI1) were evaluated for molecular and morphological behavior. The isolate MKI1-F1 exhibited two esterase bands (F1 and I1). The MKI1 exhibited a slow migrating band identical to that of M. incognita. All three isolates had an MDH phenotype N1, identical to that of M. javanica and M. incognita. On a 2-dimensional electrophoresis gel (2-DGE), the protein maps of all three isolates differed from that of M. javanica. There were similar protein spots between isolates of M. konaensis. Morphological comparison showed differences in the male heads and perineal patterns among three isolates. All MKF1 males had the typical high and rounded head shape and stylet shaft with protuberance. MKl1-FI males also had the rounded head shape but the majority of head caps were lower than those of MKF1. The majority of MKI1 male heads caps was narrow, square and indented anteriorly. Host range and pathogenicity differed among the three isolates. MKF1 had low reproduction on coffee, whereas MKI1-F1 and MKI1 failed to develop on coffee. The reproduction ratio on coffee by MKF1 was 1.1, and zero for MKl1-F1 and MKl1. In contrast, reproduction was high on tomato and cucumber. MKl1-F1 had the highest reproduction on tomato and cucumber which was two times more than MKF1 and MKl1, whereas MKF1 and MKl1 were similar. The reproduction ratio on tomato and cucumber was 110.9 and 40.8 by MKl1-F1, 45.9 and 9.3 by MKF1, and 47.6 and 17.6 by MKI1 respectively. Overall, MKF1 was the only isolate having the ability to infest coffee and MKI1-F1 was the most aggressive isolate of M. konaensis on tomato and cucumber. ix, 52 leaves Sun, 01 Dec 2002 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/6965 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z Xu, Kaimei http://hdl.handle.net/10125/993 Experiments were conducted in the greenhouse, field and growth chambers to evaluate effects of soil type, soil moisture regimes, and porosity on selected aspects of the dynamics of the Kona coffee root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne konaensis. First, the reproduction and damage potential of M. konaensis on resistant and susceptible rootstocks of coffee in four soils under two moisture regimes representative of areas where coffee is grown in Hawaii were assessed in greenhouse experiments. M. konaensis suppressed growth of coffee in all four soils. Nematode reproduction occurred readily in all soil types. Reproduction was lowest in the Hydric Dystrandept soil where the nematode holotype was found. In contrast, root galling was greatest in this soil. Greater galling occurred under constant moisture (33kPa) than under fluctuating moisture conditions in this soil. A field experiment in Kainaliu, Hawaii was conducted to determine the influence of irrigation, plant age, cultivar and nematode on coffee growth and yield. The population densities of the nematode in the soil varied according to plant age and irrigation treatment. Soil populations under irrigated conditions were greater during the months of May to July which normally follows the greatest annual precipitation and a period of active plant growth. Nematode reproduction was greater on coffee transplanted as 6-month-old seedlings than on coffee transplanted at 12- month ofage. Soil water tension varied by season and experimental treatment. Trees from 12-month-old transplants exhibited greater water tension fluctuation with greatest water tension occurring from January to April. Trees transplanted as 6-month-old seedlings into M. konaensis infested soil and irrigated yielded greater coffee fruit than the same aged trees treatment without irrigation. Crop loss and reduction of growth and yield were also more evident from 6-month-old seedlings without supplemental irrigation treatment. In contrast, yield from plots in treatments including irrigation, nematode and 12-month-old transplants yielded poorly. Overall highest yields were obtained from trees free of nematode and with supplemental irrigation. Yield reductions from nematode-infected plants ranged from 30-60% which is economically significant. Penetration, development and reproduction of M. Iwnaensis was determined on tomato as model plant at 0.77 and 0.65 porosity. The rate of root penetration and post-embryonic developmental rates occurred slightly faster the porosity treatment of 0.77 than in the more densely packed soil (porosity of 0.65). Development in the 0.65 porosity progressed slower than at 0.77. Even though the nematodes matured faster and began laying eggs sooner on plants growing at porosity of 0.77, much greater numbers of eggs were laid by 30 days after inoculation at the 0.65 porosity treatment than those at the 0.77 porosity. The finding from this research illustrates the primary role of the Kona coffee root-knot nematode in the Coffee Decline. The soil environment and host suitability are conducive factors for the coffee decline disease. Proper soil moisture management combined with sources of genetic resistance could minimize the damage enabling the coffee industry to remain profitable. Thu, 01 May 2003 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/993 2003-05-01T00:00:00Z Serracin, Mario