http://hdl.handle.net/10125/4110 Sat, 25 May 2013 04:29:38 GMT 2013-05-25T04:29:38Z http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu:80/bitstream/id/15317/PacSci.jpg http://hdl.handle.net/10125/4110 http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7156 Thu, 01 Oct 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7156 1964-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7155 The holothurians collected by the Royal Society Expedi tion to southern Chile, totalling 180 specimens, are described . Ten genera (of which one is new) and ten species are represented. Neopsolidium n.g., type species Psolidium convergens (Herouard), is erected to accommodate those species in the genus Psolidium (sensu lato) in which the dorsal plates are reduced to a diameter of about 0.4 mm. The holothurian fauna of southern Chile is generalised, containing few restricted species, and sharing many elements with distant subantarctic islands and with Antarctica. Thu, 01 Oct 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7155 1964-10-01T00:00:00Z Pawson, DL http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7154 In the first paper in this series of studies of the Helminthocladiaceae (Dory and Abbott, 1961 ), we have shown that, in two species of Helminthocladia from Hawaii, the female reproductive structures are generally similar to those described by other workers for other species in the genus, and that vegetative structures such as internal cortical rhizoids may be used to distinguish at least the Hawaiian species. In the second paper of this series (Abbott and Dory, 1960) a new genus, Trichogloeopsis, was described as containing three species, one new and two transfers from the genus Liagora. They share a major character in common, that of sterile rhizoidal extensions of the gonimoblast, but again the three species may be distinguished from each other by their vegetative structures. Thu, 01 Oct 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7154 1964-10-01T00:00:00Z Doty, Maxwell S; Abbott, Isabella A http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7153 Among the animals that live in the sea are many that may be poisonous to eat; these animals include fish, sharks, crabs, molluscs, and turtles. Of all marine animals the most important are fish, which are for so many people an essential source of food. There are a number of different ways in which teleost fish may be poisonous. Some fish are naturally poisonous; puffers for instance are always toxic. Some species of fish can be poisonous at certain seasons; in Fiji there is a species of sardine which may be deadly poisonous in the later months of the year. A third type of poisoning is found where some fish are poisonous to eat when they are caught on certain reefs or parts of a reef, and yet when caught on other parts of the same reef, or on nearby reefs, are perfectly safe to eat. This type of poisoning, known as ciguatera, is common throughout the tropical Pacific, usually on oceanic islands and isolated reefs. Thu, 01 Oct 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7153 1964-10-01T00:00:00Z Cooper, MJ http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7152 A collection of spiders from various Pacific islands was entrusted to me for examination by the Director of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum in Honolulu, to whom I am indebted. There were 146 tubes, mostly containing a number of specimens, and they had been collected by different people at different times from islands between New Caledonia in the west and Tahiti in the east. Five new species are described and also four allotypes, and a number of additions to faunal lists have been made. The islands, or island groups, ' will be mentioned in alphabetical order, and the descriptions given at the end. Unless otherwise stated the specimens are in the Bernice P. Bishop Museum. Thu, 01 Oct 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7152 1964-10-01T00:00:00Z Marples, BJ http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7151 Although the wild cotton, Gossypium tomentosum Nutt., is one of the more common of the few endemic species which still survive on the coastal plains of the Hawaiian Islands, it remains relatively unknown to the geneticist. Elsewhere it has been grown with indifferent success in experimental culture. Under such diverse conditions as those found in the West Indies, southern Mexico, the U. S. cotton belt, and in greenhouse culture, it flowers sparingly and even less frequently sets seeds. As a consequence, experimental studies have been very restricted, and cytogenetic analysis has been confined almost entirely to the few crosses which have been made with annual forms of the related New World species, G. barbadense L. and G. hirsutum L. To the technical difficulties may be added the lack of representative collections of the species in culture. The few accessions studied have usually been obtained from the more readily available Oahu populations, and less frequently from Molokai. These have been supplied to cotton geneticists through the courtesy of resident Hawaiian botanists, J. F. Rock, O. Degener, A. Mangelsdorf, and others, and patiently resupplied as fast as the stocks in culture expired. Thu, 01 Oct 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7151 1964-10-01T00:00:00Z Stephens, SG http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7150 Thu, 01 Oct 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7150 1964-10-01T00:00:00Z Davis, Charles C http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7149 The herring genus Harengula Valenciennes (as herein restricted) contains five bilateral pairs of bones in the upper jaw (Fig. 1A) . Most other clupeid fishes contain three or four such pairs of bones: premaxillary, maxillary, and one or two supramaxillaries. The extra pair of bones in Harengula is here termed the hypomaxillary. The hypomaxillary also occurs in the clupeid genera Pliosteostoma Norman and Pellona Valenciennes, and its presence has been used to distinguish these two genera from other genera. The presence of the hypomaxillary in Harengula and its usefulness as a taxonomic character in separating Harengula from other closely related genera previously has been overlooked. Thu, 01 Oct 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7149 1964-10-01T00:00:00Z Berry, Frederick H http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7148 Thu, 01 Oct 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7148 1964-10-01T00:00:00Z Zullo, Victor A; Newman, William A http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7147 Thu, 01 Oct 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7147 1964-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5560 In a previous paper (Matthews, 1954 :282) representative samples of all orders of Ctenophora were reported for Hawaii. Of these, the platyctenids were represented by only two immature specimens of Coeloplana dubosequii collected on the reef of the Hawaii Marine Laboratory on December 31, 1952. This small, pale, yellowish-green platyctenid has not been collected since, although the alga (Hypnea nidifica) on which it was found has been periodically examined. Also, continuous examination of spines of the slate-pencil urchin, Heterocentrotes mamillatus (viz. Utinomi, 1961 :116, pI. 58, no. 9), has failed to reveal platyctenids, although Dawydoff (1938: 161) reported having collected Coeloplana weilli on this urchin in the region of Ream (Gulf of Siam, Cambodia). It is rather ironical that, quite by chance, plaryctenids were taken in 1961 on the spines of the black urchin, Echinothrix diadema, collected from the sandy bottom in about 10 m of water at the seaward edge of Waikiki reef. Again, in January, April, and May 1962, and in April 1963, platyctenids were taken on E. diadema at about the same depth, near Buoy No.8, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu. Wed, 01 Jul 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5560 1964-07-01T00:00:00Z Matthews, Donald C; Townsley, Sidney J http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5559 This report deals with the chaetognaths collected by the "R/ V Argo" during the Monsoon Expedition in the Indian Ocean in 1960 and 1961. The Monsoon collections extended from about 8°S to 42°S (Fig. 1); that is, the region roughly limited by the Equatorial Countercurrent and the Subantarctic West Wind Drift ( the Indian Central waters extending to the Subtropical Convergence); and also the Indonesian seas and the South Australian waters. This report includes only data from the Indian Ocean. Data from collections made by the same Expedition in the Pacific have been added to the study of the chaetognaths of the Pacific. However, data derived from the Pacific are used here also in discussing the distribution of the species. The Monsoon Expedition covered in part the regions surveyed for chaetognaths by the Gazelle, Gauss, Sealark, Siboga, and Snellius expeditions, with the following exceptions: the Bay of Bengal, west coast of Ceylon, and waters of Somalia and eastern Africa. Wed, 01 Jul 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5559 1964-07-01T00:00:00Z Alvarino, Angeles http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5558 Several bathyal Amphipoda from the U.S.S. "Albatross" expeditions of 1888 onward (Holmes, 1908; Shoemaker, 1925) remained to be determined in the collections of the U.S. National Museum, and the results of their study are presented here. Increasing interest is being shown in faunas on bottoms of 200-2000 m. Although these depths comprise only 8.5% of the world's sea-floor, they perhaps support the remnants of the ancient abyssal fauna occupying depths greater than 2000 m prior to the Tertiary cooling of the seas (Madsen, 1961; Barnard, 1961, 1962; and their bibliographies). Wed, 01 Jul 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5558 1964-07-01T00:00:00Z Barnard, JL http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5557 In the summer of 1962 the author identified isopods caught in the submarine canyons off the southern California coast by workers, of the research vessel "Valero IV" of the Allan Hancock Foundation of the University of Southern California. The results of that work have been published (Schultz, 1964). There were additional isopods collected during the voyage which were not part of the canyon fauna and they are considered in this paper. The specimens were taken from the benthic environment by means of an Orange Peel Grab or a Campbell Grab bottom sampler. Ten species were taken, 3 of which were new to science. Wed, 01 Jul 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5557 1964-07-01T00:00:00Z Schultz, George A http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5536 Three species of littoral hermit crabs from Horseshoe Cove, Bodega Head, Sonoma County, California, and three sublittoral pagurids from Chinimi Island, Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands, have been examined with respect to their shell selection and invasion rates. Periodic removal of crabs from marked areas resulted in immigrations of surprising magnitude. By comparison of actual collection patterns with those predictable from the alternates of density dependence and density independence, there is an indication that the observed immigration rates result from density dependent dispersal. While our data are not conclusive, the method presented is of interest and of possible utility for examining problems of this nature. Shell selection is discussed from the bases of both laboratory and field observations. Each of the species is shown to utilize the shells of different gastropods with different frequencies. Finally, behavioral aspects are examined as they relate to the distribution of the California hermit crabs. Wed, 01 Jul 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5536 1964-07-01T00:00:00Z Orians, Gordon H; King, Charles E http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5535 Wed, 01 Jul 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5535 1964-07-01T00:00:00Z Randall, John E http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5534 Wed, 01 Jul 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5534 1964-07-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5533 This study describes the genus Parapercis Bleeker and its 26 species. The descriptions are based on anatomical studies, each structure having been analyzed statistically to determine its variation within a species and its value in identification. An effort has been made to employ those characters with the least variation within species to establish possible affinities between species, to define species groups, and to determine relationships among them. The geographic range has been determined from actual specimens and the literature. Wed, 01 Jul 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5533 1964-07-01T00:00:00Z Cantwell, George E http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5531 Despite species variations , the process of folliculinid lorica formation is fundamentally similar (Penard, 1919; Andrews, 1923; Faure-Fremiet, 1932; Dewey, 1939; and Das, 1947). In all a motile, nonfeeding stage becomes attached, secretes a sac and neck, and gradually metamorphoses into a sessile feeding stage characterized by peristomal lobes. Wed, 01 Apr 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5531 1964-04-01T00:00:00Z Matthews, Donald C http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5525 A ferromagnetic oxide mineral with spinel structure was separated from Hawaiian volcanic rocks ranging from basalt to trachyte. The chemical compositions of all the specimens have been arranged on an oxygen reaction line, and can safely be interpreted as the result of a process of either oxidation or reduction of material with composition on or near this line. In the trachyte the mineral was found to be highly oxidized titanomagnemite. The composition of Hawaiian titanomagnetites is compared with that of titanomagnetites found in Japanese volcanic rocks belonging to the calc-alkali rock series. Wed, 01 Apr 1964 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/5525 1964-04-01T00:00:00Z Katsura, Takashi