http://hdl.handle.net/10125/317 The Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit has a thirty-four year history of working to protect cultural and natural biodiversity in the Pacific while encouraging a sustainable economy. Sat, 11 May 2013 04:05:43 GMT 2013-05-11T04:05:43Z http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu:80/bitstream/id/1244/pcsu.gif http://hdl.handle.net/10125/317 http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27412 A checklist of the mosses of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park was compiled from species reported from the park in various reports and publications, and from specimens of park origin housed at the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park Herbarium and the Bernice P. Bishop Museum in Honolulu. Field surveys were conducted in the specialized habitats of geothermal features and lava tube entrances to search for new moss species. Two preliminary surveys were also conducted in the new Kahuku unit. One hundred thirteen taxa (110 species, one subspecies, and two varieties) are on the current checklist based on 111 taxa collected from within the park boundaries and three collected near the park. Six of these species are invasive or potentially invasive species warranting management concern. In total, 43 percent of all moss species in the Hawaiian Islands are represented at the park. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Mon, 01 Oct 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27412 2007-10-01T00:00:00Z Waite, Mashuri http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27411 Because bats are often the only native terrestrial mammals on geographically isolated island systems, they are critical to the biodiversity of mammalian fauna. The endemic Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) is the only extant species of bat found in the Hawaiian Islands. The objectives of the Hawaiian hoary bat inventory were to determine presence/no detection of bats in national parks and adjacent areas on the islands of Hawai`i, Maui, and Moloka`i, assess distribution of bats in these national parks, and make general associations between bats and selected habitats and elevations. We used acoustic detection systems, along with visual observations, to accomplish these objectives. Through repeat surveys of points established in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, we found that bats occupied 33% of study sites from April to July 2005. In addition, we found that bats occupied 44% of sites established on the west side of Hawai`i Island in Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Pu`ukoholā Heiau National Historic Site, and Pu`uhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park. Since we were only able to do a brief survey of Haleakalā National Park and Kalaupapa National Historical Park, we did not calculate site occupancy proportions for these parks. Results of our survey show that from April to June, Hawaiian hoary bats are most active 40-60 minutes after sunset, but they begin to emerge earlier in July. Furthermore, they appear to be opportunistic and forage in a variety of habitats, including native and non-native forests and shrublands, along roads and trails, and over areas of fresh/brackish water and open ocean. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Sun, 01 Apr 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27411 2007-04-01T00:00:00Z Frasher, Heather R; Parker-Geisman, Vanessa; Parish IV, George R http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27407 We conducted presence or absence and distribution surveys for seabirds throughout Haleakalā National Park from April through August 2005. Results showed the presence of `Ua`u (Hawaiian Petrel, Pterodroma sandwichensis), Koa`e Kea (White-tailed Tropicbird, Phaethon lepturus dorotheae), `Iwa (Great Frigatebird, Fregata minor palmerstoni), and Noio (Hawaiian Noddy, Anous minutus melanogenys). Although `A`o (Newell's Shearwater, Puffinus auricularis newelli) was not detected during the survey, this species is often heard in Kīpahulu Valley. `Ake`ake (Band-rumped Storm-Petrel, Oceanodroma castro) were not detected during the surveys but are likely to occur in Haleakalā National Park. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27407 2009-02-01T00:00:00Z Natividad Bailey, Cathleen S http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27406 A survey for forest birds was conducted in Kalaupapa National Historical Park in 2005 to determine presence-absence and abundance. Forest bird surveys were conducted using the variable circular plot method. Survey stations were established 140 m apart along six transects of variable length. Stations were surveyed for birds from March – May 2005. Also included in the analysis are data from a Hawaii Forest Bird Survey in 2004 for two transects located in the park. Of the nine native species that once inhabited the island, only three remain: We detected the Apapane (Himatione sanguinea), Iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea) and Maui Amakihi (Hemignathus virens wilsoni). As on other islands, Molokai now supports a number of non-native birds including: the Barn Owl (Tyto alba), Black Francolin (Francolinus francolinus), Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis), House Finch (Carpodacus mexicanus), Japanese Bush-warbler (Cettia diphone), Japanese White-eye (Zosterops japonicus), Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), Nutmeg Mannikin (Lonchura punctulata), Red-billed Leiothrix (Leiothrix lutea), Skylark (Alauda arvensis), Spotted Dove (Streptopelia chinensis), and White-rumped Shama (Copsychus malabaricus). The results from the survey will be used to develop comprehensive monitoring and management plans for avian species in Kalaupapa National Historical Park. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Tue, 01 Apr 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27406 2008-04-01T00:00:00Z Marshall, Susan; Kozar, Kelly http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27160 This is a list of 227 coral species recorded in the National Park of American Samoa based primarily on a series of photo images by the principal author and identified by Charles Birkeland and Douglas Fenner. Of the 227 species (five identified only to genus) 108 are documented by the photos and 123 are listed based upon the surveys and transects by Birkeland, Coles, Craig, Fisk, Hunter, Maragos and/or Mundt. This report forms a basis for certifying a list of corals in the National Park of American Samoa for inclusion in the National Park Service’s on-line park biota inventory database (NPSpecies) of the U.S. national parks. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Wed, 01 Nov 2006 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27160 2006-11-01T00:00:00Z DiDonato, Eva; Birkeland, Charles; Fenner, Douglas http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27159 In 2003, the National Park Service acquired 46,943 ha of Kahuku Ranch, in the Ka’ū district of Hawai`i. This addition to Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park includes a diverse assemblage of vegetation communities. No recent vegetation inventories existed, and since the last vegetation map had been created many vegetation types within the former ranch had undergone changes due to grazing pressure, logging and fire. As a result, little was known about the communities and their floristic composition, and appropriate management practices could not be developed. Surveys conducted between 2004 and 2006 in Kahuku described vegetation communities and located rare, threatened and endangered plants, as well as disruptive alien weeds. Forty-one kilometers of transects and 177 vegetation plots were ground-surveyed, and 6.5 hours of helicopter surveys were conducted. Surveys encountered a total flora of 455 vascular plant species, of which 40% were native. Five endangered, one threatened, one candidate endangered, and seven species of concern were found, as well as 26 locally rare native species. Forty-three disruptive alien plant taxa in and near Kahuku were mapped. Several sites containing high numbers of either rare or invasive plants were identified. Information from this inventory allows managers to identify priority areas of alien plant and ungulate control and rare plant recovery, and serves as a baseline to document future changes in the vegetation. Results from this study will also enable managers to develop a framework for long-term management priorities and strategies in Kahuku. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Sun, 01 Jun 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27159 2008-06-01T00:00:00Z Benitez, David M; Belfield, Thomas; Loh, Rhonda; Pratt, Linda; Christie, Andrew D http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27158 The little fire ant (LFA), Wasmannia auropunctata, is an aggressive pest ant with a painful sting that has spread to many parts of the world through human commerce. In the State of Hawaii, LFA had been intercepted previously as early as 1930, but only recently, in 1999, were established populations found in the Puna District, on the island of Hawaii (Big Island), occupying residential and agricultural sites, such as fruit orchards and plant nurseries. A single population was found on Kauai in 1999, but it has been contained and nearly eradicated. However, on Hawaii island, LFA is now well established in the Puna/Hilo area, with at least 50 sites covering at least several hundred acres. Even though nursery shipments leaving Hilo are checked for LFA by inspectors of the Hawaii Department of Agriculture, it is likely that LFA-infested shipments have reached Maui. This study surveyed portions of the island of Maui for ants, with a main goal of finding populations of LFA. Since much of the nursery material sent from Hawaii to Maui is promptly planted in new developments, searches were focused on newly developed/landscaped areas. During the survey, over 18,000 ants were collected on 4,300 peanut butter baited chopsticks at 360 sites, resulting in 823 locations with 23 ant species but no LFA. The big-headed ant (Pheidole megacephala) was by far the most abundant ant encountered in the survey and present at 55% of the sampling sites. However, since not all ant species are equally attracted to the peanut butter bait used in this survey, the relative abundance of ant species encountered may be biased, and 12 species of ants previously recorded for Maui were not collected in the survey. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Thu, 01 May 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27158 2008-05-01T00:00:00Z Starr, Forest; Starr, Kim; Loope, Lloyd L http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27157 A presence/absence survey for small non-native mammals was conducted in Kalaupapa National Historical Park March–May 2005. The survey consisted of seven 500-m transects, each with 11 stations, except for one transect which had nine stations (75 stations total). One large and two small snap traps, a Tomahawk® live trap, a tracking tunnel, and a glue board were set at each station. Small mammal trapping was conducted for three nights in the spring of 2005 along each transect for a total of 215.5 corrected trap nights for cats and mongooses, 430 for rats, and 830 for mice. Results indicate the presence of black rats (Rattus rattus), house mice (Mus musculus), mongooses (Herpestes javanicus), and feral cats (Felis catus) in the park. Trapping indicated average capture rates per 100 trap nights of 3.48 for black rat and 1.2 for mouse. Forty-two mongooses and two feral cats were captured. No evidence of Polynesian rats (Rattus exulans) or Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) was detected in our sample. For mice and rats, the number of tracking tunnel signs was low even on transects where the capture rate by snap or glue traps was high. However, for mongooses and cats the number of tracking tunnel signs was proportionally higher than the overall capture rate. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Sun, 01 Jun 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27157 2008-06-01T00:00:00Z Marshall, Susan; Hughes, Guy D; Kozar, Kelly http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27105 Because bats are often the only native terrestrial mammals on geographically isolated island systems, they are critical to the biodiversity of mammalian fauna. Emballonura semicaudata was once widespread and relatively common throughout its historic range in Micronesia and Polynesia, however, drastic declines and possible extinctions on some islands have been recorded in recent years. The objectives of the Pacific sheath-tailed bat inventory were to determine and document: (1) the occurrence of Pacific sheath-tailed bats in parks and selected areas of American Samoa; and (2) general habitat characteristics associated with Pacific sheath-tailed bat observations. Acoustic surveys were done in 2006 using Mini-3 bat detectors, while surveys in 2008 were done using Anabat II frequency division bat detectors. Literature reviews, interviews with local residents and park personnel, and discussions with other scientists working with insectivorous bats were also conducted to investigate possible locations of Pacific sheathtailed bats in sample areas. Because E. semicaudata is rare in our survey areas, this inventory was highly exploratory and opportunistic in nature. Although we did not detect any Pacific sheath-tailed bats in American Samoa during acoustic surveys in 2006 and 2008, it is possible that these bats have moved into more remote areas of the islands. Future surveys should focus on use of passive monitoring bat detectors (e.g., Anabat detection systems), which allows for continued, long-term monitoring in the absence of researchers, while operating for long time periods on battery power. We also recommend additional interviews with residents, as well as thorough searches in remote areas of Ta’u, Tutuila, and Ofu/Olosega, particularly focusing on areas where sheath-tailed bats have been previously reported. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Wed, 01 Apr 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/27105 2009-04-01T00:00:00Z Fraser, Heather R; Miles, Adam C; HaySmith, Leslie http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26986 The 2002 Kupukupu Fire burned more than 3,367 acres (1363 hectares) in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Four hundred and fifty-five acres (184 hectares) were in transitionally dry to mesic ‘ōhi’a swordfern woodland of which portions had previously burned in 1972, 1981, and 1992. Based on past studies, the effects of this fire were expected to result in a reduction of abundance and diversity of native species. In contrast, alien swordfern was expected to quickly re-establish. Wildfire was expected to recur in this area given the abundance of fine fuels provided by alien swordfern and grasses, extended dry periods, and continued ignition sources provided by nearby lava flows. Consequently, park managers adopted an aggressive approach to restore native species by a combination of seeding and planting into the burn. Establishment was focused primarily on fire-tolerant species. Restoration efforts began in October 2002 and continued to March 2005. Approximately 1,500 worker days were spent on the project, propagating plants, planting, seeding and monitoring individuals in the field. Thirty-five native plant species were established in the burn area by a combination of direct seeding nearly 400,000 seeds and planting 12,646 individuals that were propagated in temporary greenhouses at HAVO. Average survivorship of planted individuals was greater than 50% and ranged between 10% and 92% by species. Of these, fourteen species had reached reproductive maturity by Fall 2006. Seeds of seven of the thirteen species seeded in the burn area germinated. Five species survived beyond the first year seedling stage. Continued monitoring will determine long term successional outcomes. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Mon, 01 Sep 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26986 2008-09-01T00:00:00Z McDaniel, Sierra; Loh, Rhonda; Dale, Susan; Smith, Kimberly; Vaidya, Maya http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26985 This botanical inventory of War in the Pacific National Historical Park, located in the Territory of Guam, Mariana Islands, documents at least 90% of the plant taxa that occur within the seven units of the park (Asan Beach, Asan Inland, Fonte Plateau, Piti Guns, Agat, Mount Chachao-Mount Tenjo, and Mount Alifan). Documentation involved conducting field surveys, conducting literature searches for plants that occur in the park, vouchering plants and images, and populating the National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring biodiversity database (NPSpecies) to create a plant checklist for War in the Pacific National Historical Park. The project lead and assistant conducted the majority of fieldwork in the summer of 2004 and 2005. Surveys consisted of walk-throughs in all major vegetation types found in each of the units. Field surveys totaled 27 field days (224 person hours). In summary, 392 plant taxa were identified in the seven park units. Fortyfour percent (173) of the plants are native to Guam and the Mariana Islands. Of the total plant taxa, four percent (15) are endemic and 40% (158) are indigenous to the Mariana Islands. Uncommon endemic plants observed during the survey included Cerbera dilitata, Maytenus thompsonii, Macaranga thompsonii, Phyllanthus saffordii, Xylosma nelsonii, Tinospora homosepala, and Hedyotis laciniata. One species, Guamia mariannae, is endemic to Guam and locally common in one unit. This report discusses areas of high native plant diversity observed in the park as well as resource management recommendations. During the course of this project, 755 plant specimens were collected as vouchers to create War in the Pacific National Historical Park’s herbarium. In addition, 673 digital images were vouchered, 277 landscape images were archived, and 2,255 new records were added to NPSpecies. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Tue, 01 Jul 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26985 2008-07-01T00:00:00Z Yoshioka, Joan M http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26984 The threat of invasive plants has long been recognized in Hawaii and is well documented. In many respects, Hawaii may be near the forefront among national and international efforts to address the burgeoning threat of invasive plants, perhaps especially in the field of outreach and education. However, given the scale of the problem many challenges still need to be addressed and gaps in the existing management system need to be identified. In particular, it appears that new non-native plant species are still introduced to the Hawaiian Islands at a high rate with little or no regard for their potential invasiveness. This report documents these achievements and experiences and provides a range of perspectives on how to further develop prevention, early detection and containment of invasive species in Hawaii. The report is based on a symposium and workshop held at the 2008 Hawaii Conservation Conference in Honolulu on 31 July 2008. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Sat, 01 Aug 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26984 2009-08-01T00:00:00Z Kueffer, Christoph; Loope, Lloyd http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26983 Kalaupapa National Historical Park (KALA) includes spectacular geologic and biotic features including sea cliffs, a conic volcanic crater, lava tubes and caves, lush valleys and rain forests, off-shore islands, and coral reefs. These areas also provide habitat for endangered Hawaiian plants and animals. Collections of the flora of this region have been made periodically by various individuals or organizations. From these studies, it is known that there are many rare species present within the park boundaries. However, no comprehensive survey has been made that thoroughly investigated these lands. The purpose of this project was to inventory the flora of Kalaupapa National Historical Park; create a permanent and usable herbarium in the form of physical vouchers and high resolution digital photographs for current and future park service staff, residents, and visitors; and duplicate a set of physical collections for the Bishop Museum in Honolulu for long-term archiving. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Fri, 01 Aug 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26983 2008-08-01T00:00:00Z Wysong, Michael L; Hughes, Guy D http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26971 The reproductive mode of Drosophila mimica, a species endemic to the island of Hawaii, was determined by analyzing the ovarian development of three natural populations during a nine month period. Qualitatively the developmental profile of the ovaries remained the same in all the populations and for the entire collecting period. Each developmental stage was represented only in a fraction of the ovarioles, and mature eggs were usually found in half of the ovarioles. Quantitative differences were found between populations and between collections and these differences were correlated with the environmental conditions. The relative humidity was found to be the most important factor in regulating ovarian development by interrupting the growth of oocytes at the stage of RNA-yolk synthesis. A seven day period of constant low relative humidity causes the degeneration of grown oocytes, while a constant high humidity for the same period of time reinitiates normal development. This mechanism serves as a device to assure the presence of not more than one mature egg per ovariole, and thus prevents the overpopulation of the natural breeding substrates after environmental stresses. The adaptive significance and the theoretical implications of such behavior were discussed. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Wed, 01 May 1974 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26971 1974-05-01T00:00:00Z Kambysellis, Michael P http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26970 Shade adaptation of both gametophytes and sporophytes of a Hawaiian tree-fern, (Cibotium glaucum (Sm.) H. & A.) was measured by growing plants under a range of light intensities and at 2 daylengths, at 20 or 25°C. Three ecophysiological parameters of shade adaptation and adjustment, initial slope of the photosynthesis curve in response to increasing light intensity (α), rate of light saturated photosynthesis (PN max), and rate of photosynthesis at the intensity given during growth (PN growth), were determined by infra•red gas analysis. Both sporophytes and gametophytes showed shade adaptation by a decline in α with increasing irradiation during growth and shade adjustment by a light saturation value for shade-grown plants that was well above the level of light at which the plants were grown. Sporophytes exhibited one feature of sun plants; PN max increased with increasing irradiation during growth. Morphological adaptations to low light intensity included a narrowing of the gametophyte, higher chlorophyll contents on a fresh weight basis of both gametophytes and sporophytes, and reduced thickness of sporophyte fronds. A greater total frond area of shade•grown sporophytes was brought about by a greater area of individual fronds and a longer retention time of fronds. Rates of frond production and expansion were little affected by light intensity. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in Sat, 01 Jun 1974 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26970 1974-06-01T00:00:00Z Friend, D J C http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26969 This paper is a systematic report and a biological analysis of the Mesoveliidae from Hawaiian caves. Most important is a new species of Speovelia Esaki, S. sp. (Hawaii I.), described from material collected on moist walls in lava tubes. This apparently represents the world's first troglobitic heteropteran. Morphologically, all instars show lack of pigmentation, functionless eyes and prolongation of the appendages and head. Biologically, it is restricted to the dark zone of lava tubes. Notes on its biology are given. It also represents the first known endemic species of the family for the Hawaiian Islands. Another species, Mesovelia amoena Uhler, is troglophilic. This is the first record of this immigrant American species in the Hawaiian Islands. The remaining species in Hawaii, the immigrant M. mulsanti White, has only been found in epigean situations. A key to the species is also presented. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Wed, 01 May 1974 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26969 1974-05-01T00:00:00Z Gagne, Wayne C; Howarth, Francis G http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26968 Three vascular plants endemic in native forests of the Hawaiian Islands were assessed for their phylloplane communities of fungi. The total Metrosideros collina var. polymorpha community (residents and transients) was three times greater than that of Acacia koa. The Cheirodendron trigynum var. trigynum community was not considered significant because of fewer samples. Community overlap of the total populations was 14% for Metrosideros and Acacia; 10.6% for all three leaves. Resident populations, if determined as fungi recovered only by maceration, were represented by 40 species for Metrosideros and 30 for Acacia. The difference between total and resident populations or species abundance can be equated to leaf anatomy, particularly the surface as a trapping and supporting layer. Of the resident fungi only a few could be considered endemic species. This does not preclude the possibility that others may exist. Distribution of populations by elevation was sporadic and reflected no clear evidence for altitudinal control. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Mon, 01 Jul 1974 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26968 1974-07-01T00:00:00Z Baker, Gladys E; Dunn, Paul H; Sakai, William A http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26965 This report contains the second set of Tables and Figures for the climatic data collected at the US/IBP Island Ecosystems IRP field sites on Mauna Loa, Hawaii. The majority of these data were collected during 1973 using the same procedures as employed for the data collection reported in Technical Report No. 22, Supplement 1. The data-analysis techniques have also remained the same. The only major addition to the type of data has been the presentation of the saturation deficit values. No attempt has been made in this report to interpret the Tables and Figures that are presented. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Wed, 01 May 1974 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26965 1974-05-01T00:00:00Z Bridges, Kent W; Carey, G Virginia http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26964 This paper describes the world's second troglobitic heteropteran, Nesidiolestes sp., and presents notes on its biology. The species is restricted to the dark zones of high altitude lava tubes on Hawaii Island. Body pigmentation is lacking and the eyes are strongly reduced. This discovery again demonstrates that adaptive radiation of the epigean fauna into cave situations has occurred in Hawaii. Rather than exhibiting relictual characteristics, the species seems recently derived from a surface-dwelling (epigean) ancestor and most closely resembles the extant N. selium Kirkaldy of the same island. Epigean species of Nesidiolestes Kirkaldy have a predisposition for the cave habitat in that they are cryptic, dark-seeking, apparently nocturnal, slow-moving insects frequenting the mossy undersides of fallen logs and ferns in the rain forest. The existence of N. sp. was actually predicted on the basis of the apparently preadaptive habits mentioned. This brings the number of described troglobitic arthropods in Hawaiian lava tubes to eight species. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Mon, 01 Jul 1974 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26964 1974-07-01T00:00:00Z Gagne, Wayne C; Howarth, Francis G http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26749 In the late 1970s red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle, an invasive alien climax tree, invaded the Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park saltwater marshes and formed dense closed forest stands. The mangrove impaired nationally significant archeological sites, not only visually but also the physical structures necessitating its removal. The need to protect the physical integrity of the structures complicated any work to control the trees. Beginning in 1988 park maintenance crews carefully began hand-removing the mangrove and systematically controlling reinvading seedling sprouts. By the mid-1990s all mangrove stands on park-owned lands had been removed. Controlling reinvading mangrove sprouts remains a never-ending maintenance endeavor. Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in. Mon, 01 Dec 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/26749 2008-12-01T00:00:00Z Fronda, Rizal; Lane-Kamahele, Melia; Harry, Bryan