Ph.D. - Zoology

Isolation, characterization and expression of limb patterning genes in Euprymna scolopes (Mollusca : Cephalopoda)

Farfan, Blanca Claudia — Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2008.; Cephalopod arms and tentacles have a considerable degree of patterning along their orthogonal axes. These appendages are non-homologous to other structures outside the Mollusca and are a structural novelty within the taxon. This work reports the isolation of cDNA transcripts from the aforementioned genes from the sepiolid Euprymna scolopes, their molecular characterization and corresponding developmental expression patterns. Also included is a general description of the organogenesis of E. scolopes illustrated with photomicrographs of histological serial sections, a report on artificial fertilization trails, embryonic growth rates under different temperature regimes, and the recovery of 17 additional cDNA transcripts, 10 of which are full-length cds from developmentally important genes. This later body of information represents a valuable tool for the future use of this squid as a cephalopod model system for developmental studies.; Esc-BMP2/4 was expressed on the aboral side of the arm buds and later as a wide band over the entire length of each arm and tentacle, suggesting a role in growth and/or dorso-ventral patterning. In general, Esc-BMP2/4 expression was highly dynamic and pleiotropic; gene transcripts were also detected in the developing brain, eyes, buccal mass, gut, gills, branchial hearts, funnel, mantle, fins, and all hard or cartilaginous structures.; Esc-Dll expression was assessed by immunolocalization of the anti-Dll most commonly used in comparative studies across taxa. Arm primordia, budding arms and later the tip of the developing arms and tentacles were strongly immunoreactive, in agreement with a possible gene function in outgrowth and proximo-distal patterning of these appendages. The overall results obtained support the proposed Dll roles in the development of body wall outgrowths, appendages, nervous system, and sensory structures.; Esc-Wnt1 transcripts were detected in arms and tentacles as a mesodermal, hairpin-like expression in mid and late embryonic stages (23-27), suggesting a role in the elongation of the appendages, but might also be related to the organization of their muscular mass. Esc-Wnt4 and Esc-Wnt5 expression was also analyzed in embryos stages 23 to 27; the hybridization signal in their appendages was mesodermal, Esc-Wnt4 at the base and both edges of each limb and always stronger at the posterior side, and Esc-Wnt5 first in the dorsal distal mesenchyme of the limbs and later throughout the appendages.; Esc-ap and Esc-hh were not expressed in the arm crown in patterns consistent with roles in growth or axial organization of arms and tentacles, but with patterning of the brachial nervous system. Other conspicuous expression patterns suggest an Esc-ap role in eye and neural development, particularly for olfaction and vision, and Esc-hh in gut and neural development. Esc-fng was transiently expressed at the tip of the differentiating arms and later in the distal ring of the suckers. Both expression patterns could be associated with the formation of borders; a possible link of the early expression to dorso-ventral patterning is also discussed. Other conspicuous Esc-fng expression patterns could be linked to vasculogenesis.; Gene expression in the developing arms and tentacles of E. scolopes did not conform fully to the UGPLD. The expression patterns of the putative Esc-Dll, Esc-BMP2-4, and the Esc-Wnts suggest that they could play important roles in the growth and patterning of these appendages; this needs to be confirmed by functional analysis.; Results from genetic, molecular, and developmental studies have shown that the limbs of Drosophila and vertebrates have remarkable similarities in the molecular instructions that convey the positional information that is required for the patterning of their orthogonal axes. The parsimonious explanations for parallels in the genetic programs of two animal lineages that diverged over 500 mya are independent co-option of homologous genes for similar functions or the conservation of an ancestral genetic program. One version of a 'Universal Genetic Program for Limb Development' (UGPLD) contains the following genes: apterous/Lhx2-9, decapentaplegic/Bone Morphogenic Protein, Distal-less/Dllx, fringe/Radical fringe, hedgehog/Sonic hedgehog, and wingless/Wnt1. These genes have never been analyzed as a group in an invertebrate taxon other than Arthropoda.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 272-329).; Also available by subscription via World Wide Web; 348 leaves, bound 29 cm

Bioenergetics and swimming efficiency of juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks, Sphyrna lewini, in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii

Lowe, Christopher G — Sat, 01 Aug 1998 00:00:00 GMT

The goal of this study was to determine the energetic requirements of juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii using a multidisciplinary approach. A large flume/respirometer (635 1) was constructed to determine the critical swimming speeds (Ucrit )' swimming kinematics (tailbeat frequency, tailbeat amplitude, and stride length), and oxygen consumption rates (V02 ) of juvenile sharks over a range of swimming speeds (U). Swimming kinematics were also compared with unconstrained sharks in a seawater pond. These experiments indicated that tailbeat frequency (TBF) and water temperature could be used as a predictor of U and V02 for free-swimming sharks in the field; however, the flume affected the sharks' swimming kinematics at slow speeds. The flume and pond kinematic comparisons were used to correct for flume effects on sharks' V02. An acoustic tailbeat-sensing transmitter was designed and constructed to quantify activity and energy consumption of free-swimming hammerhead shark pups in Kaneohe Bay. Sharks with transmitters behaved similarly to uninstrumented sharks, but incurred a 28% increase in cost of transport due to increased drag from the transmitters. These data were used to correct for the effects of the transmitter on freeswimming sharks in the field. Sharks tracked in Kaneohe Bay with tailbeat transmitters exhibited increased U during dawn and dusk, while sharks tracked in the warmer summer months had higher activity rates and metabolic rates (MR) than a shark tracked during the winter. Sharks tracked in this study had higher MR than those measured for other species of tropical sharks and, as a result, require higher daily rations. Low and negative growth rates determined from sharks in the Bay and declining catch rates over the season suggest that a large percentage of the pups in Kaneohe Bay may starve as the result of their high metabolic requirements. Although prey do not appear to be li~itingi lack of foraging experience compounded by a high daily metabolic demand may explain why sharks lose weight during summer months. Those pups that survive the winter experience lower MR due to seasonal temperature decline and less competition as the result of high neonatal mortality. x, 130 leaves, bound : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm.; Missing page 74.

The advantage of juvenile coloration in reef fishes

Mahon, Jeffrey L — Tue, 01 Dec 1998 00:00:00 GMT

Juvenile reef fishes often have a color pattern different from that of adults. It has been theorized that this reduces the aggression received by juveniles from adult conspecifics. This was tested using two species of Labroides cleaning wrasses in which certain-sized individuals can quickly shift back and forth between the adult and juvenile color patterns. Adult Labroides phthirophagus has the same single-male grouping social structure as previously described for L. dimidiatus. Small L. phthirophagus and L. dimidiatus in juvenile coloration shifted to adult coloration when isolated and then quickly shifted back to juvenile coloration when chased by an adult conspecific female. In L. phthirophagus the adult females attacked small cleaners more frequently when they displayed the adult color pattern, indicating that juvenile coloration gives some protection from conspecific aggression. Two other species oflabrids, Thalassoma duperrey and Coris gaimard, showed the ability to shift back to juvenile coloration when aggression was received from con specific adults, although the shift was not nearly as rapid as seen in Labroides species. Dascyllus albisella and Zebrasomajlavescens, common reef fishes, preferred to solicit cleaning (by posing) from the adult-colored L. phthirophagus, indicating that some hosts prefer the adult color pattern. Small L. phthirophagus shifted to adult coloration more quickly when starved than when provided with host fish on which to feed, indicating that the coloration shift is motivated by hunger. Even though juvenile coloration in some fishes may reduce the aggression received from adults, in cleaner wrasses it also reduces food availability, making it advantageous for them to shift to adult-coloration as soon as possible. Cleaner wrasses have developed a quick, reversible coloration shift that allows changing to adult coloration at a small size but allows reversing coloration if too much aggression is received. x, 59 leaves, bound : ill., maps ; 29 cm.

The ecology of patch reef fishes in a subtropical Pacific atoll: recruitment variability, community structure and effects of fishing predators

Schroeder, Robert E — Mon, 01 May 1989 00:00:00 GMT

The ecology of patch reef fishes was studied to quantify the main factors that affect the natural variability of the fish community and to determine the effects produced on the community by experimental removal of predators. Initially, a year-long baseline description was completed of the physical, biological and ecological characteristics of 8 pristine patch reefs at Midway lagoon. For over 3 subsequent years, piscivorous predators were spearfished at least monthly, often for days at a time, on 4 of the 8 reefs. Fish populations were visually censused throughout the experiment. In all seasons and years of the project, daily recruitment rate of postlarval fishes to natural patch reefs was compared to that measured on standardized, artificial reefs of various sizes and degrees of inter-reef isolation. Finally, all baseline measurements were replicated and complete collections were made of all fishes, to validate the visual census method. Visual censusing was found to be of adequate precision and accuracy for most resident, non-cryptic species (highest for small patch reefs). Fishes could be assigned to size classes underwater by visual estimate with high accuracy. Rotenone collections were highly effective in quantifying many species commonly missed or underestimated in visual censuses. Only a few species composed the bulk of all recruits, while most species were rare or not seen at all. Variation between species was related to life history strategies or behavioral requirements. High temporal variability was found at the following scales: 1) Annuallywhere variability increased with the magnitude of recruitment, and different species recruited heavily in different years, suggesting that species specific factors in the plankton are more important than general oceanographic conditions; 2) Seasonally- pulsing strongly in summer, and occasionally late fall, when favorable environmental conditions may maximize growth and survival; and 3) Daily- with 1 or 2 strong peaks (each only a few days long) over a period of several weeks of low, variable recruitment. Small-scale spatial variability between replicate attractors (standardized artificial reefs) and between attractor types (coral and wire) were both high for a few species recruiting abundantly, although most recruits are probably substrate generalists. Rigorous visual fish censuses can adequately document moderate- to long-term temporal variation in the abundances of recently recruited juveniles on patch reefs (i.e., based on similar temporal patterns assessed by daily attractors). Daily total recruitment rate increased, although at diminishing densities, with (attractor) reef size, and with degree of inter-reef isolation. Abundances of recently recruited fish censused on neighboring, natural patch reefs (much larger than attractors) increased with reef size. The effect of isolation on these natural reefs was confounded by the stronger effect of reef size. These results suggest that if optimum size and spacing of reefs is provided, either by proper design of artificial reefs or selection of marine reserves, managers may enhance fish recruitment and ultimately improve local fisheries: Of the 135 fishes censused on the patch reefs studied, only 6 species together accounted for 70% of the total number of all fish, mainly due to heavy seasonal recruitment pulses. Strong seasonal and annual variability in recruitment was responsible for most of the temporal variation in fish abundance. The structure of patch reef fish communities at Midway was characterized by high unpredictability (e.g., great seasonal and/or annual variability in recruitment by common species, recruitment limitation for most species, and a high turnover rate detected by frequent sampling). Some predictions of the theory of island biogeography were also met by these fish communities (e.g., species richness correlated strongly with patch reef area, volume and relief). and total fish abundance. Some populations also exhibited a degree of long-term stability. Species diversity [H'] was similar among different size reefs. The experimental fishing on piscivores produced a catch composed mainly of lizardfish, due largely to immigration following the removal of other, competitively superior, highly resident piscivores. Scorpionfish and moray eels were also dominant predators. The expected decreases in catch-per-unit-effort were not realized, except for a quantitatively insignificant family (hawkfish). Conversely, the catch of the highly migratory lizardfish actually increased as fishing progressed. Changes in the catch composition for other piscivores related mainly to major changes in reef size or to patterns of large, inter-year recruitment fluctuations. Census data confirmed the major trends indicted by catch results. Sharks and jacks were attracted to the experimental reefs by spearfishing; the study was unable to determine whether their piscivorous effect was different between reef treatments. Patch reef fish communities at Midway were relatively resilient to long-term, intense fishing pressure on piscivores. However, enhanced survival of a large, annual, summer recruitment pulse of a common cardinalfish, synchronized with a temporary but significant reduction of lizardfish (the most prevalent piscivore) by fishing, suggested that an effect of predation on reef fish populations is experimentally detectable and considerable. However, temporal and spatial variability in recruitment, and reef size differences and changes in size were the primary factors responsible for the observed temporal patterns in fish abundance. COlnmunity analysis involves numerous confounding effects and requires the most careful interpretation for valid conclusions. xvi, 321 leaves, bound : ill. ; 29 cm.

Growth, bioenergetics and life-span of Octopus cyanea and Octopus maya

Van Heukelem, William F — Sun, 01 Aug 1976 00:00:00 GMT

The objectives of the work undertaken were to: (1) rear Octopus cyanea and Octopus maya through all stages of the life cycle in the laboratory; (2) measure growth rates; (3) determine energy budgets; (4) examine the effects of temperature, size and age on food intake, growth, metabolism and conversion efficiency; and (5) determine life-spans of the two species. Attempts to rear O. cyanea through the planktonic stage were unsuccessful and data were obtained on feral animals in the laboratory. O. maya was reared through four generations from eggs collected at Campeche, Mexico. Animals were fed ad libitum on living crabs. Weights were recorded at I5-day intervals and food intake was quantified. Dry matter, ash and caloric content of crab and O. cyanea samples were determined. Animals grew exponentially for the first third of their benthic life, doubling their weight every 11-13 days at 22 - 27 degrees C. The exponential growth phase was followed by a period of logarithmic growth which terminated at full sexual maturity. Average maximum sizes attained by the two species were comparable (3.2 kg for O. maya and 3.6 kg for O. cyanea). O. cyanea settles from the plankton at an estimated weight of 0.3 g and attains maximum size about 10.5 months later. O. maya hatched as benthic juveniles weighing 0.1 g and grew to maximum size in about 8.5 months. Maximum size attained by both species varied from several hundred grams to several kilograms depending on food availability. Assimilation efficiency of O. cyanea was very high (95%) and independent of animal size and food ration size. Gross growth efficiency of both species averaged about 40% on a wet weight basis and was independent of size (old animals excluded) and temperature. The relationship between food intake and growth was linear in both species and showed no sign of decrease at high ration level. Material budgets indicated that on a wet weight basis, 40% of ingested food was used in growth, 55% in maintenance and 5% was not absorbed. Energy budgets on a caloric basis indicated that 60% of ingested energy was used in growth, 36% in total metabolism and 4% voided as feces. Rates of food intake, growth and metabolism were about twice as high at 30 as at 20 degrees C. Females of both species died after brooding their eggs and males died at about the same age. O. cyanea had a lifespan of 12-15 months from settlement and O. maya lived an average of 10 months from hatching in the laboratory. Low light intensity and elevated temperature in the laboratory were thought to produce early spawning and hence short life-spans in laboratory animals. A theory is presented to explain large variations in size at spawning and lack of seasonality. Growth, differentiation, maturation and spawning are viewed as programmed events in the life cycle. Light, temperature and food determine the rate at which the program runs and hence size and age at spawning. Senescence and death are viewed as events occurring after the program is completed.

Responses of Hawaiian Scleractinian Corals to Different Levels of Terrestrial and Carbonate Sediment

Te, Franklyn Tan — Tue, 01 May 2001 00:00:00 GMT

Goals of this investigation were: 1) Differentiate between the effects of turbidity and sedimentation on corals. 2) Differentiate the effects of carbonate and terrigenous sediments on coral growth and metabolism. 3) Develop a predictive model relating increased sediment loading to the photosynthetic rate, growth and survival of corals. 4) Evaluate the validity of the widely cited "10 mg cut-off point" and determine the levels of turbidity and sedimentation that are tolerated by corals. Earlier studies suggest that coral reefs decline when sediment loading levels exceed a sediment trapping rate of 10 mg cm-2 d-1 or a turbidity of 10 mg I-1. An integrated experimental design linked field and laboratory experiments. In the field, corals were transplanted to sites with varying levels of sedimentation. Turbidity, as linked to reduced light availability, had a significant affect on coral growth and metabolism in laboratory experiments but not coral growth or survival in field experiments. Turbidity in the field was highly variable and influenced greatly by wind velocity and rainfall. Terrigenous (or land-derived) sediments influenced light extinction more than carbonate (reef-derived) sediments. In laboratory experiments turbidity was more important than sediment trapping rate in affecting the photosynthetic ability and growth rates of corals. The predictive model stated that the lower the light level (as caused by increased turbidity) the lower the photosynthetic production of corals. The model was supported by results of laboratory experiments where conditions were precisely controlled and monitored. Under field conditions, the predictive model did not hold due to extreme natural variability in sediment loading and variation in a wide range of other environmental factors encountered at the experimental sites. Corals tolerated turbidity exceeding 120 mg I-1 and sediment trapping rates in excess of 11 mg cm2 d-1. Sediment loading is correlated with other environmental factors such as nutrient loading and reduced salinity. Composition of sediment varies widely between different locations. The "10 mg cutoff may prove to be useful in setting limits to vigorous coral reef development, although individual corals or coral assemblages may be able to survive and grow at levels exceeding this value. Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2001. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 235-264).

Genotypic Diversity and Population Structure of the Hawaiian Reef Coral, Porites compressa

Hunter, Cynthia L — Thu, 01 Dec 1988 00:00:00 GMT

The assessment of clonal diversity in populations of the endemic Hawaiian coral Porites compressa was undertaken using four independent assays of genotypic identity: colony morphology, immunocompatibility testing by tissue grafting, electrophoresis of soluble proteins, and chromatography of ultra-violet absorbing compounds. All methods were corroborative, but electrophoresis of soluble proteins provided the single most efficacious assay of genotypic diversity, with a 7-locus (21 alleles) system which was estimated to sufficiently resolve approximately 95% of clonal samples. Populations of Porites compressa were demonstrated to have derived substantial contributions from both sexual and asexual modes of reproduction. Sexual reproduction in P. compressa was similar in most life history parameters to other Porites species that broadcast spawn. Age at first reproduction was estimated to be between 1.8 and 2.5 years. Mean oocyte diameters were approxiInately 250 um at spawning, with 10-30 eggs per polyp. Spawning was synchronized with full moon during summer months, and some colonies spawned over more than one night and over subsequent months. Planulae were competent to metamorphose after three days, and sibling juveniles which settled gregariously were often observed to fuse, suggesting that there may be ontogenetic changes in self-recognition responses in this species. Production of asexual propagules by fragmentation was calculated to be between 35 and 96 fragments/m2/year for a patchreef population of Porites compressa in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu. Fragment production was continuous through the year, with a 5-10 fold increase in summer months due pertlaps to increased activity of turtles near sheltering areas on the reef. Asexual propagules were large (1.5-151 cm2) and survived for many weeks or months before "recruiting" or being lost from the fragment pool. Spatial and/or numeric abundance of dominant and rare clones of Porites compressa could be explained, in part, by differences in measurable fitness parameters of growth rate and competitive ability. No significant differences in the propensity of clones to produce fragments were detected. The relationship between clonal abundance and single fitness correlates, however, was not a simple one. Clonal fitness is the sum of many life history and ecological characteristics of a genotype. Clonal abundance and distribution may also be effected by non-selective random physical processes leading to asexual colony replication and recruitment. Genotypic diversity in six populations of Porites compressa was directly related to habitat disturbance histories. Highest diversity was found in populations which had been intensely or recently disturbed. In these populations, space was not limited and mean colony size was small (<500 cm2), suggesting an early stage in population recolonization. In a stable, undisturbed population, low genotypic diversity revealed the extent of clonal replication of established genotypes. Unoccupied substratum was rare in this habitat, and average colony size was larger (>2000 cm2). Single clones were distributed over small or large areas (<1 to >16 m2) or distances (<1 to >90 m), and were numerically (>13% of total number of colonies) or spatially (>15% of total colony area) dominant. Typescript. Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1988. Includes bibliographical references.

The Ecology of Juvenile Hawaiian Corals

Fitzhardinge, Rachel C — Sat, 01 May 1993 00:00:00 GMT

I studied coral recruitment, growth and community development in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. In one experiment, I investigated coral recruitment at 7 sites, in 3 consecutive years. Coral community development was followed for up to 3 y. Hollow concrete blocks were used as experimental substrata. The smallest recruits which I detected were 1 mm in diameter. variability in recruitment was observed both between sites and between surfaces of the blocks. Temporal variability in recruitment patterns between years was also recorded. After 3 mo immersion, Pocillopora damicornis, a brooding species, was-the most abundant coral. Another brooding species, Cyphastrea ocellina, and the ahermatype, Culicia cf. tenella were also detected. Two spawning. species, Montipora verrucosa and Porites compressa were not detected until after 6 mo immersion. Over 3 y, the relative abundance of Pocillopora damicornis declined at most sites and the relative abundance of Porites compressa increased. Montipora verrucosa recruits remained uncommon. The distribution of hermatypic corals on the blocks also changed with time. Initially recruits were most abundant on interior top surfaces after 3 y, they were most common on outer surfaces of the blocks. Inter- and intraspecific differences in growth were recorded. pocillopora damicornis attained the largest colony sizes. Growth rates varied considerably between sites. Successful recruitment was highest after 3 y immersion, at sites where corals grew most rapidly. In the second set of experiments, I measured invisible recruitment sensu wallace (1983) and investigated the effects of urchin and fish grazing on coral recruitment. Montipora verrucosa was the most common recruit after 3 mo immersion. Fish and urchin grazing significantly affected the abundance of M. verrucosa but not that of Porites compressa or Pocillopora damicornis. After 3 mo immersion, the maximum size attained by P. damicornis was greater than P. compressa or M. verrucosa which had similar colony diameters and number of polyps. However, during the next 5 mo P. compressa grew more rapidly than M. verrucosa. The different growth rates of these species explains why P. compressa increased, and M. verrucosa decreased in relative abundance. Interspecific differences in larval size at settlement, the time taken to deposit a skeleton, and postsettlement growth strategies, all influence recruitment success. Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1993. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 240-252)

Studies in the mineral metabolism of the Hawaiian crab, Podophthalmus vigil (Fab.) throughout the ecdysis cycle

Sather, Bryant Thomas — Fri, 01 Jan 1965 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii, 1965.; Bibliography: leaves 138-147.; vii, 147 l mounted illus., tables

The venom from the heads of the globiferous pedicellariae of the sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus)

Alender, Charles Baker — Wed, 01 Jan 1964 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Thesis--University of Hawaii, 1964.; Bibliography: leaves 124-126.; xiii, 126 leaves ill. (part mounted, part col.), tables

Life history and behavior of Dascyllus albisella Gill, a pomacentrid reef fish

Stevenson, Robert Alexander — Tue, 01 Jan 1963 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Thesis--University of Hawaii, 1963.; Bibliography: leaves 214-221.; viii, 221 leaves mount. ill., diagrs., tables

Uptake and release of phosphorus by representatives of a coastal marine ecosystem

Johannes, R. E (Robert Earle), 1936-2002 — Tue, 01 Jan 1963 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Thesis--University of Hawaii, 1963.; Bibliography: leaves [80]-86.; iii, 86 leaves mount. illus., diagrs. (part fold.) tables

A contribution to the biology of caligoid copepods parasitic on acanthurid fishes of the Hawaiian Islands

Lewis, Alan Graham — Sun, 01 Jan 1961 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii, 1961.; Bibliography: leaves [453]-471.; xii, 471 l illus. (part mounted) diagrs., tables

Studies on the sea urchin egg nucleus: its isolation, structure, physical properties and DNA content

Hinegardner, Ralph T — Sun, 01 Jan 1961 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii, 1961.; Bibliography: leaves [118]-123.; v, 123 leaves ill., map, diagrs

Transport of lysine across the intestine of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Brick, Robert W — Wed, 01 Jan 1975 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Bibliography: leaves 117-126.; viii, 126 leaves ill

Planktonic prosobranch veligers of Kaneohe Bay

Taylor, Jane Bartlett — Wed, 01 Jan 1975 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Bibliography: leaves 563-582.; xiii, 593 leaves ill. (some col.), map

Sound localization in the bottlenose porpoise, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu)

Renaud, Donna McDonald — Tue, 01 Jan 1974 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Bibliography: leaves 177-187.; xi, 187 leaves ill. (some col.)

Aspects of the dynamics of mercury cycling in a small Hawaiian estuary

Luoma, Samuel N — Tue, 01 Jan 1974 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Bibliography: leaves [201]-210.; xv, 210 leaves ill

An analysis of metamorphosis in Phestilla sibogae Bergh 1905 (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia)

Bonar, Dale Brian — Mon, 01 Jan 1973 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Bibliography: leaves 219-234.; x, 234 l illus

Alizarin deposition by corals

Lamberts, Austin E — Mon, 01 Jan 1973 00:00:00 GMT

Typescript.; Bibliography: leaves 155-163.; xi, 163 l illus. (part col.), tables