http://hdl.handle.net/10125/2074 Tue, 18 Jun 2013 05:34:11 GMT 2013-06-18T05:34:11Z http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20641 Thesis (M.S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2006.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81 -87).; x, 87 leaves, bound ill. (some col.) 29 cm Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20641 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z Vanzie-Canton, Susana D http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7012 This research includes two separate studies both of which incorporated generation mean analyses to interpret genetically the resistance to com leaf aphid and polysora rust in tropical maize. The first study focused on resistance to corn leaf aphid in tropical sweet corn inbred Hi38-71. An inoculation technique using hair-pin clip cages and infestation quantification method using digital image analysis were developed for this study. During the study, a heavy natural infestation of com leaf aphids occurred in a seed production nursery. Yield loss by ranged from 38.9% to 98.8%, with an average loss of 71.7%. The clip-cage method was effective in distinguishing resistant and susceptible plants under field conditions. Resistance to com leaf aphid from Hi38-71 appeared to be monogenic and recessive. Aphid reproduction and population growth were measured on four different genotypes of varying aphid tolerance. Aphids on Hi38-71 had poorest performance over all aspects of growth and reproduction examined. Difference in number of progenies produced and days to 50% mortality appeared to account for most of the difference observed in the genetic study. The second study estimated genetic parameters for polysora rust resistance in Hi38-71. Hi38-71 exhibited moderately high resistance to polysora rust as well as resistance to com leaf aphid. Generation mean analysis showed that epistatic interactions of [aa] and [dd] along with simple dominance and additive gene effects were involved in controlling resistance in Hi38-71 to polysora rust. It is concluded that polysora resistance breeding cannot be based on selection of a single parent but a hybrid-breeding or reciprocal recurrent selection approach appears justified. The tropical sweet corn inbred, Hi38-71 is a sib line of Hi38 which was bred from a bt-1 conversion of AA8sh2. AA8sh2 was studied for its resistance to corn leaf aphid in 1970's in Hawaii and was converted to common rust resistance, Rd1-D which broke down due to evolved racial variation of the pathogen. Hi38-71 is thus of particular value in sweet corn breeding for tropical regions. This is due not only to its resistance to corn leaf aphid and polysora, but to its high sweet corn qualities and generally good combining abilities. xiii, 86 leaves Fri, 01 Aug 2003 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7012 2003-08-01T00:00:00Z So, Yoon-Sup http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7008 xiii, 133 leaves Fri, 01 Aug 2003 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/7008 2003-08-01T00:00:00Z Nazario, Cynthia S http://hdl.handle.net/10125/6988 Development of an ion-exchange HPLC method to simultaneously determine certain organic acids and sugars in green coffee is described. Identifying and quantitating flavor relevant compounds in green coffee offers the potential for an objective measure of cup quality. Presently, a panel of trained experts who rely upon sensory discrimination, a subjective measure, determines coffee quality. Accurate quantitation of individual compounds was verified by single component fortification of green coffee samples and determination of recoveries. Typical recoveries were as follows: malic acid 100.7%, quinic acid 86.7%, citric acid 112.8%, lactic acid 100.0%, sucrose 93.6%, fructose 109.3% and glucose 110.2%. This method is the first to report simultaneous determination of two classes of green coffee components, and provides for a relatively quick and accurate means of determination. Future utilization of this method as a measure of coffee cup quality in green coffee has implications for future coffee breeding, flavor manipulation and genetic transformation. vi, 50 leaves Thu, 01 May 2003 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/6988 2003-05-01T00:00:00Z Steiman, Shawn R