http://hdl.handle.net/10125/1139 Wed, 22 May 2013 18:36:06 GMT 2013-05-22T18:36:06Z http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20524 Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2008.; The first essay examines the effects of the market size and wage level in the host country on MNE activities by MNE types. As the international economic environment has become more competitive over time, the firm's strategies for MNE types have become varied to meet the change, where the strategies are no longer the traditional vertical-type, and horizontal-type MNE. This study examines what factors play key roles in deciding the affiliate's location using Korean firm-level data based on MNE types proxied by affiliate sales pattern. The results of the estimation show that the market size and wage level in the host country are strongly associated with MNE activities according to MNE types. The affiliate production for local sales depends significantly on the market size of the host country, but not on the wage level of the host country. On the other hand, the affiliate activities for export-platform type MNE proxied by the affiliate export sales to third countries are significantly dependent on the host country's wage, but not on the market size of the host country. The affiliate export sales to home or third countries as a proxy for the affiliate activities of vertical/export-platform type MNE depend significantly on the wage in the host country, but not on the market size.; The second essay investigates how the localization-level factors affect the MNE activities proxied by the affiliate sales pattern according to the MNE types using Korean firm-level panel data. As expected, the affiliate's local sale as a proxy for a local-market-targeted type MNE is more closely related with localization-level factors rather than the affiliate's export home or to third countries as a proxy for a not local-market-targeted type. The effect of local sales ratio on MNE activities is positive and statistically significant for the local-market-targeted type MNE whilst it is negative and statistically significant for the not local-market-targeted type MNE. The affiliate's parent ownership is strongly negatively related with MNE activities for local-market-targeted type MNE while it shows a weak relationship with MNE activities for not local-market-targeted type MNE. On the other hand, the affiliate's tenure in the host country has a strongly positive relationship in both types. The local procurement ratio does not have a statistically significant relationship with MNE activities although the signs are expectedly positive in both types. It might be possible that the inputs are provided through parent firm's supplier network rather than local supplier network given the quality of the products.; The third essay examines the relationship between official development assistance (ODA) and foreign private investment in the recipient countries. While some previous research uses the data of DAC (development assistance committee) member countries in the OECD, this paper employs the data of a non-DAC member country (Korea). The panel data set with 17 years and 150 countries used in this study enables me to employ a variety of methods to investigate the FDI-ODA causal nexus. Results from random-effects and fixed-effects models show that total net ODA of the recipient countries is closely associated with FDI from Korea. In addition, in the donor-recipient country FDI-ODA relationship, FDI from Korea strongly depends on ODA from Korea. On the other hand, the results show that the governance of recipient countries does not affect the role of ODA in attracting FDI.; This dissertation consists of three essays. The overall theme is about the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) employing Korean data. The first essay is a study on the roles of traditional FDI determinants such as the market size and wage level of the host country based on MNE types. The second essay is the effect of localization-level on MNE activities by MNE types. The third essay is the effect of official development assistance (ODA) on FDI.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 141-144).; Also available by subscription via World Wide Web; 144 leaves, bound 29 cm Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20524 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z Youn, Jung-In http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20523 Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2008.; In addition to economic flows across ages, reallocations through assets are major forms of consumption support. People save in order to accumulate assets in different forms, such as capital, credit and property. This dissertation contributes to developing the methodology used to measure how individuals rely on different forms of assets to support consumption throughout their lifecycle.; Saving rates are simulated in order to measure how change in age structure influences saving in the economy. There is controversial and important empirical issue on how much change in age structure can account for a significant change in saving rates. Several empirical studies find that saving rates change substantially as population age structure changes. Some studies find that change in population age structure has modest effects on aggregate saving rates. This dissertation replicates the methodology used by Deaton and Paxson (2000) to simulate saving rates in Thailand. Deaton and Paxson method does not explicitly include intergenerational transfers. This dissertation contributes to taking into account intergenerational transfers, using the NT Flow Account methodology, to simulate saving rates. Simulated saving rates from Deaton and Paxson model are then compared with results using Mason and Lee (2006) model. The main finding, based on both methods, shows that change in age structure influences saving rates in Thailand before 1985. However, after 1985 change in saving rates are not due to change in age structure but some other secular trend.; This dissertation is empirical research on how age structure affects economic flows across ages. Economic flows consist of transfers and reallocations through assets, which can be used to finance consumption. Intergenerational transfers are estimated using the National Transfer Flow Account methodology. The NT Flow Account is an accounting system for measuring transfers and reallocations through assets at the aggregate level in a manner consistent with National Income and Product Accounts. The main contribution of this dissertation is on the development of the methodology used to construct the NT Flow Account. The NT Flow Account for Thailand is constructed, which could be used as an example for other countries.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-135).; Also available by subscription via World Wide Web; 135 leaves, bound 29 cm Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20523 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z Chawla, Amonthep http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20522 Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2008.; 1. Developed a framework of decision-making behavior on the choices of remuneration practices in fishery based on the principal-agent theory. Empirically, we apply the switching regression model to check if the theoretical prediction reflects experience of Hawaii's longline fishery.; 2. Developed a procedure to estimate the risk parameters of prospect theory's utility function which provides a more complete description of preferences, but is also more complex to estimate than the utility function portrayed by expected utility theory. In terms of research methodology, we match experimental data with survey data. The combination of data from experimental economics surveys and household data allows us to estimate the prospect theory parameters and to explore how these parameters are determined.; 3. Applied the target revenue model, a version of prospect theory, to see how having target revenue may have an impact on the captain's decision on the length of a fishing trip. This alternative approach may result in different prediction from the standard model regarding the relationship between daily fishing revenue and the number of fishing days. To investigate which model provides a more reasonable description of the reality, we look at the empirical evidence from the Hawaii-based longline fishery. The dissertation includes three essays. In the first essay, we investigate a recent phenomenon in the remuneration system in the context of Hawaii-based longline fishery.; The aim of this dissertation is to apply frontier microeconomic theories to provide additional insights into the economic behaviors of fishermen. In particular, we investigate how a fishing vessel's captain or owner makes two of the most important decisions in the fishing business using Hawaii-based longline fishery as a case study. One decision relates to the choice of remuneration practice; the other is concerned with the fishing trip length. The underlying factor of these decision-making processes is the risk behavior of the vessel's captain or owner. The role of risk preferences in the decision-making process is especially emphasized in the context of such a risky profession as fishery. Given that, we also explore the question whether fishermen have different risk patterns from workers in other occupations. Most previous studies addressed this question from the expected utility theory perspective and assumed that fishermen like other workers are risk-averse. In this research, we address this question by applying prospect theory and experimental economics methodology to directly estimate the parameters used as proxy for risk behavior as well as to explore how these parameters are determined.; The dissertation essays make contribution to the field of fishery economics in the following ways:; The dissertation includes three essays, we investigate a recent phenomenon in the remuneration system in the context of Hawaii-based longline fishery. Specifically, I aim at answering the question why fixed wage has become more popular than share contract in the Hawaii's longline fishery. In the second essay, I address risk behavior of Vietnamese fishermen by applying prospect theory and data from an economic experiment in Vietnam. In the third essay, the target revenue model, a version of prospect theory, is used to explain how decision on the number of days for a fishing trip is made in the context of the Hawaii-based longline fishery.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves xxx-xxx).; Also available by subscription via World Wide Web; 127 leaves, bound 29 cm Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20522 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z Nguyen, Quang Duc http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20521 Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2008.; The first essay tests the intertemporal model of the current account in a large country framework. Compared to the standard small country model commonly used in the literature, our model shows that only country-specific component of net income will affect the current account, and it generates smoother current account series, implying a stronger connection between current consumption and current net income. Subsequent comparative empirical studies of small- and large-country models, done in the framework of a present value model, show that the large country framework out-performs the traditional small country framework when the object of interest is indeed a large country.; The purpose of this dissertation is to answer two major questions. First, can we provide additional evidence pertaining the validity and usefulness of the intertemporal model of the current account? And second, if we say yes to the first question, how will this model perform in the empirical studies related to macroeconomic factors, such as investment and saving, that are closely related to the current account?; The second essay targets primarily the relationship between degree of persistence of terms of trade (TOT) shock and the current account. Our major contribution is to study this topic in a decomposition framework. To get a measure of the degree of persistence, we use two decomposition techniques, Beveridge-Nelson decomposition and HP filter, to decompose TOT into permanent and transitory components. Empirical results show that the persistence of TOT shocks does play an important role with respect to how the current account respond to such shocks.; The third essay investigates the relationship between investment and saving, or the Feldstein-Horioka (FH) puzzle, by applying regular panel estimation models to time series of investment and saving that are decomposed using a similar approach as in the second essay. Our empirical results confirm the findings of the earlier work done using different econometric frameworks that short-run correlation is generally much smaller than long-run correlation. Dependent on particular choice of decomposition technique and panel model, we find some evidence that capital is very mobile for OECD countries 1960-2004.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves xxx-xxx).; Also available by subscription via World Wide Web; 145 leaves, bound 29 cm Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20521 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z Wang, Xiaoming http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20520 Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2008.; Essay three introduces the nested AR(1) model which synthesizes two types of specifications of the residual term, the first-order autocorrelation and the adaptive regression model. The nested AR(1) model introduced in this essay has never been considered in econometric literature. In addition to exploring the theoretical properties of this specification, this essay also derives the critical values of the test statistics.; Essay two considers an alternative cointegration test when the error term consists of two independent components, a white noise and a random walk. Such a dual composition of the error term is known as the adaptive regression model, which is a special case of the stochastic parameter variation model. This essay develops alternative test statistics and show they are distributed asymptotically as chi-square.; This dissertation has three essays on econometrics. Essay one is about the gravity model, which is one of the most popular applied econometric models in trade literature. The existing theory predicts that the coefficients of the national income variables should be unity. In the empirical application, either export or import flow are often used as the dependent variable. However, their estimated coefficients are different from unity. This essay shows that the conflicting results could be caused by misspecifications, which are the results of improper choice of dependent variables and simultaneous equation bias.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-109).; Also available by subscription via World Wide Web; 109 leaves, bound 29 cm Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20520 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z Che, Hu http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20519 Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2008.; After thirty years of economic development, the spatial distribution of China's economic activities, such as industrial production and international trade now displays significant spatial concentration. This dissertation studies the spatial distribution of China's economic activities from the New Economic Geography (NEG) perspective.; Chapter 1 briefly introduces the economic background and the structure of this dissertation. It also summarizes the main conclusions and contributions of this work.; Chapter 2 adds capital as a variable input for the final manufacturing production into the NEG model. The new model indicates that the thorough agglomeration of all industries does not happen. Only the labor-intensive industries completely agglomerate into the labor abundant countries and this only occurs under some extreme conditions. The simulation results also show that with immobile capital, the economy with the greater labor endowment will have a lower real wage level. For countries with strict capital controls, capital liberalization can help reduce wage difference between countries.; Chapter 3 is an empirical application of a NEG model similar to the one developed in Chapter 2. It seeks to explain the regional wage disparity within China from the NEG perspective. The nonlinear regression based on pooled data from 237 cities (1990-2000) shows that regions with larger markets and labor endowments tend to have higher wage levels. This is consistent with most NEG studies' predictions. The estimation results also show that the estimated product elasticity of substitution for intermediate inputs in China roughly decreased during the studied period. This indicates that agglomeration has made the sub-regions of China lose their diversification in intermediate inputs.; The last chapter (coauthored with Christopher Edmonds) introduces the Gravity Model Adjusted Trade Intensity Index to measure and compare the geographical intensity of China's bilateral trade with the world average level. We also make some comparisons between China and Japan, the other big economy in Asia which experienced a similar trade boom in the early period of its development.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves xxx-xxx).; Also available by subscription via World Wide Web; 129 leaves, bound 29 cm Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20519 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z Li, Yao http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11373 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1977.; Bibliography: leaves 92-95.; Microfiche.; vii, 95 leaves ill Sat, 01 Jan 1977 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11373 1977-01-01T00:00:00Z Abe, Shigeyuki http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11372 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1976.; Bibliography: leaves [170]-175.; Microfiche.; viii, 175 leaves ill Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11372 1976-01-01T00:00:00Z Min, Byoung Kyun http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11371 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1976.; Bibliography: leaves [86]-88.; Microfiche.; v, 88 leaves ill Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11371 1976-01-01T00:00:00Z Kim, Kwang Doo http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11370 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1976.; Bibliography: leaves [166]-175.; Microfiche.; ix, 175 leaves Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11370 1976-01-01T00:00:00Z Kim, Dal-Hyun http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11369 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1976.; Bibliography: leaves [101]-106.; Microfiche.; vii, 106 leaves Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11369 1976-01-01T00:00:00Z Park, Dong Un http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11368 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1976.; Bibliography: leaves 126-135.; Microfiche.; ix, 135 leaves ill Thu, 01 Jan 1976 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11368 1976-01-01T00:00:00Z Paitoonpong, Srawooth http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11367 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1975.; Bibliography: leaves [142]-146.; ix, 146 leaves ill Wed, 01 Jan 1975 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11367 1975-01-01T00:00:00Z Shrestha, Omkar L (Omkar Lal) http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11366 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1975.; Bibliography: leaves 143-148.; xi, 148 leaves ill Wed, 01 Jan 1975 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11366 1975-01-01T00:00:00Z Jayaraman, Tiruvalangadu Krishnamurthy http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11365 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1975.; Bibliography: leaves 253-257.; xiii, 257 leaves ill Wed, 01 Jan 1975 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11365 1975-01-01T00:00:00Z Wada, Richard Osamu http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11364 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1975.; Bibliography: leaves [225]-235.; xvii, 235 leaves ill Wed, 01 Jan 1975 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11364 1975-01-01T00:00:00Z Ogawa, Naohiro, 1944 http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11363 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1974.; Bibliography: leaves 155-162.; viii, 162 leaves ill Tue, 01 Jan 1974 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11363 1974-01-01T00:00:00Z Kwon, Won-Key http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11362 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1973.; Bibliography: leaves [207]-212.; ix, 212 l graphs, tables Mon, 01 Jan 1973 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11362 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z Pirouz, Kamrouz http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11361 Typescript.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1973.; Bibliography: leaves [292]-306.; xiii, 306 l illus., map, tables Mon, 01 Jan 1973 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11361 1973-01-01T00:00:00Z Shah, Sukhdev http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11360 Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005.; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-82).; Electronic reproduction.; Also available by subscription via World Wide Web; ix, 82 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm Sat, 01 Jan 2005 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11360 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z Sanchez, Dolores Anne Galeaʻi